The use of Whatman-41 filters for high volume air sampling

Neustadter, H. E.; Sidik, S. M.; King, Robert B.; Fordyce, J. S.; Burr, J. C.

doi:10.1016/0004-6981(75)90058-x

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…High trace element content in filter materials is a commonly reported limitation in the determination of trace element concentra tions in aerosol samples. Whatman 41 filters were selected because of low blank concentrations (), although the filters have a slightly, but not significantly, lower retention efficiency under high-volume conditions ( − ), and their hygroscopic nature does not allow precise weight measurements (). All samples were stored at ambient temperature in sealed polyethylene sheet protectors until analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sampler was positioned on the roof of a trailer with the inlet at a height of approximately 5 m. The second site is located on Columbus Avenue (10 000 vehicles day -1 ), near the intersection with Berkeley Street (20 000 vehicles day -1 ), and the sampler was placed on a roof top at a height of approximately 15 m. tions in aerosol samples. Whatman 41 filters were selected because of low blank concentrations (31), although the filters have a slightly, but not significantly, lower retention efficiency under high-volume conditions (32)(33)(34), and their hygroscopic nature does not allow precise weight measurements (31). All samples were stored at ambient temperature in sealed polyethylene sheet protectors until analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Platinum Group Element Concentrations and Osmium Isotopic Composition in Urban Airborne Particles from Boston, Massachusetts

Rauch

Hemond

Peucker‐Ehrenbrink

et al. 2005

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Platinum, Pd, Rh, and Os were found to occur at elevated concentrations in airborne particles (PM10) collected at urban sites in Boston, MA. Average Pt, Pd, Rh, and Os concentrations were 6.9 +/- 1.9, 8.1 +/- 1.8, 1.50 +/- 0.50, and 0.068 (-0.068 + 0.070) pg m(-3), respectively. Elevated Pt, Pd, and Rh concentrations are attributed to automobile catalysts, which use Pt, Pd, and Rh for the removal of pollutants from engine exhaust gas. An automobile catalyst source is supported by significant correlations between these elements and by a Pt/Rh similar to that in catalysts. Elevated Os concentrations are also believed to be the result of emission from automobile catalysts in which Os occurs as an impurity. The isotopic composition of Os (187Os/ 188Os) ranged from 0.30 to 2.90, indicating large variations in Os sources. Osmium has a predominantly anthropogenic origin at concentrations > 0.1 pg m(-3), whereas natural sources are more important at lower Os concentrations. Osmium isotopic composition also indicates that Pt, Pd, and Rh in Boston air are of almost exclusive anthropogenic origin, with a relatively small natural contribution. Our results indicate that scavenging by rain plays a major role in the atmospheric residence time and environmental fate of PGE.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platinum Group Element Concentrations and Osmium Isotopic Composition in Urban Airborne Particles from Boston, Massachusetts

Rauch

Hemond

Peucker‐Ehrenbrink

et al. 2005

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…The collected dust samples were collected on the Whatman-41 filter papers by means of a dust collector based on the wet digestion method (B) and some heavy elements (Pb, Fe and Zn) were estimated by atomic absorption technology (Neustadter H.E, 1975;Naik and Shrikanta, 2005).…”

Section: Laboratory Analysis 221 Preparation Of Dust Samples For Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Effect of Dust at Al Kufa Cement Plant on humans Health, Plants and Microorganisms in South of Al –Najaf Al-Alshraf

Mutlag¹,

Duhaidahawi²,

Jawad³

et al. 2020

ATMPH

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This study was carried out in the agricultural area surrounding al Kufa Cement Plant in al Najaf Governorate, which is located in Al-Manatherah district. The study included the collection and analysis of soil, dust and plant samples as well as conducting some blood tests for the residents in the study area. The results showed that the mass concentration of dust suspended in the summer was higher than the rest of the other seasons in all the studied sites. The highest TSP concentration was recorded at location C, 1798.1 mg / m3, and the site D was indicated as the highest concentration of lead at 0.5623g/m 3 Cadmium recorded the highest value in site C within summer concentrations with a concentration of 1.2863 g/m 3 .For the measurement of the heavy elements of the water extract of the plants, it was found that the leaves of the grape sample No. 2 achieved the highest concentration of heavy elements iron, cobalt, cadmium and lead which reached (0.1657, 0.3197, 0.5106, 0.2109 mg / m3 respectively).The study showed that there were clear differences in the number of infections of diseases and their proportion between the two districts ( Al-Manathera and Al Kufa), where it was found that the highest rate of bronchitis in the district of Al-Kufa, reached 48,298 in compared with the number of infections in the district of Al-Manatherah, which was 18,620. The highest number of bacteria and fungi were observed at distance of 10 km,1km (278.3 x 10 6 , 65.8 x 10 4 CFU g -1 soil) from the cement plant ,and the lowest were observed at distance of 6 km,1km (184.9x10 6 ,33.5 x10 4 CFU g -1 soil),respectively, from the cement plant.

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“…Whatman 41 filter paper was used as a collection medium on the high-volume samplers and as an after-filter in the Andersen sampler because of its low blank values and ease of digestion in the atomic absorption procedure. paper was expected to be greater than 80% (12,13), a direct estimate was made by placing a filter on top of a high-efficiency Delbag polystyrene filter and sampling for 24 hr at approximately 1.4 m3/min. The Whatman 41 filter trapped 85% of the total Pb and 83% of the total Br collected by the two filters.…”

Section: Sampling and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle size distributions of lead, bromine, and chlorine in urban-industrial aerosols

Paciga¹,

Roberts²,

Jervis³

1975

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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A high-volume Andersen sampler has been used to measure particle size distributions for atmospheric Pb, Br, and Cl at urban control sites and near secondary lead refineries in Toronto, Canada. Bromine and Cl were measured by instrumental neutron activation analysis, while Pb was determined both by absorption spectrophotometry and by instrumental photon activation analysis. The Pb aerosol near roadsides was predominantly submicrometer in size, whereas elevated Pb concentrations in the vicinity of the refineries were attributed mainly to increases in Pb associated with larger particles which settle more rapidly. The strong correlation between Pb and Br from automobile emissions allowed an indirect estimate of nonautomotive Pb in the atmosphere near the refineries. Chlorine, although also associated with automobile emissions, appears to be derived from several additional sources. The localized contamination of residential areas, which has resulted from refinery emissions, emphasizes the importance of particle size considerations in establishing air quality standards.An increasing amount of information on the multielement content of urban aerosols has led several investigators to deduce possible trace element sources and to estimate the relative importance of such sources to ambient air quality (1-3). The additional information provided by particle size sampling done in conjunction with multielement trace analysis greatly increases the possibility of source identification, occasionally allowing one to distinguish between different sources of the same element. This has been clearly demonstrated by Martens et al. (4), who have used aero-

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The use of Whatman-41 filters for high volume air sampling

Cited by 18 publications

References 8 publications

Platinum Group Element Concentrations and Osmium Isotopic Composition in Urban Airborne Particles from Boston, Massachusetts

Platinum Group Element Concentrations and Osmium Isotopic Composition in Urban Airborne Particles from Boston, Massachusetts

Evaluating the Effect of Dust at Al Kufa Cement Plant on humans Health, Plants and Microorganisms in South of Al –Najaf Al-Alshraf

Particle size distributions of lead, bromine, and chlorine in urban-industrial aerosols

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