The utility of polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis of lumpy skin disease in cattle and water buffaloes in Egypt

Sharawi, Saad; Ih, Abd El-Rahim

doi:10.20506/rst.30.3.2075

Cited by 35 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…The role of water buffalo in the epidemiology of LSD remains unclear in Egypt. Evidence of natural infection with LSDV in buffalo has been reported in Egypt (El-Tholoth & El-Kenawy 2016 ; Sharawi & El-Rahim 2014 ). In this study, serum samples were collected from cattle and buffalo, and the LSDV intra-herd antibody prevalence was estimated using the NI method.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Determining the true exposure status of naturally infected animals is often difficult because of several factors affecting the performance of serological tests for capripoxviruses such as past infection and vaccination history (Fagbo et al 2014 ). Recently, molecular diagnosis of LSDV was documented from naturally infected water buffalo in Egypt (El-Nahas et al 2011 ; Sharawi & El-Rahim 2014 ). However, the PCR assays used in the studies were not able to distinguish between different capripoxviruses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Infection of water buffalo with LSDV under field condition is a controversial matter. Isolation of LSDV from skin lesions of buffalo in Egypt has been described (El-Nahas et al 2011 ; Sharawi & El-Rahim 2014 ), but other workers (Davies 1991 ) reported that African buffalo ( Syncerus caffer ) and Asian water buffalo ( Bubalus bubalis ) do not show lesions in the field during epizootics of LSD. They do, however, seroconvert.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lumpy skin disease in cattle: Frequency of occurrence in a dairy farm and a preliminary assessment of its possible impact on Egyptian buffaloes

Elhaig

Selim

Mahmoud

2017

Onderstepoort j. vet. res.

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Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an endemic infectious disease of cattle in Egypt. This survey aimed to define the prevalence of clinical and sub-clinical LSD virus (LSDV) infection among cattle and investigate their contact with water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in order to improve the understanding of LSD epidemiology. Cattle and buffalo were examined owing to the appearance of skin lesions. Because clinical signs were consistent with LSDV infection, samples from cattle in a non-grazing dairy farm (n = 450) were submitted for LSDV testing together with those from the in-contact buffaloes (n = 100). Results revealed that the intra-herd percentage of cattle infected with LSDV varied with the detection method. This ranged from 22.4% to 65.4% by virus isolation (VI) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively, in clinical cattle samples, compared to 0% and 10% by VI and PCR in non-clinical cases. Using the neutralising index (NI), LSDV antibodies were found in 100% (n = 100) of the tested cow’s sera (NI = > 2.0 and ≥ 3.0), whereas buffalo’s sera (n = 34) displayed little increase in antibody level (NI ≥ 1.5). None of the buffalo were positive for LSDV by VI and PCR. In addition, there were no significant differences in LSD prevalence among the cattle with regard to age and sex. In conclusion, the occurrence of LSD in cattle warrants a further epidemiological study of the spread of the disease in the area and adoption of control and prevention strategies. In addition, the PCR assay was confirmed to be useful in the diagnosis of LSDV and for wider epidemiological studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lumpy skin disease in cattle: Frequency of occurrence in a dairy farm and a preliminary assessment of its possible impact on Egyptian buffaloes

Elhaig

Selim

Mahmoud

2017

Onderstepoort j. vet. res.

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“…In 2006, LSDV was reintroduced into Egypt via imported cattle from East Africa (FAO, ; Sharawi, Abd El‐Rahim, & El‐Rahim, ) and subsequently emerged throughout the Middle East (Al‐Salihi & Hassan, ; FAO, ; Tageldin et al, ). Since 2015 widespread LSDV outbreaks have occurred across several eastern European countries (Russian Federation, Turkey, Greece, Albania, Bulgaria, Montenegro, Serbia and Macedonia) leading to a wave of emergence extending northward and eastward from the Middle East.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping changes in the spatiotemporal distribution of lumpy skin disease virus

Machado

Korennoy

Álvarez

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) is an infectious disease of cattle transmitted by arthropod vectors which results in substantial economic losses due to impact on production efficiency and profitability, and represents an emerging threat to international trade of livestock products and live animals. Since 2015, the disease has spread into the Northern Hemisphere including Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, the Russian Federation and the Balkans. The rapid expansion of LSDV in those regions represented the emergence of the virus in more temperate regions than those in which LSDV traditionally occurred. The goal of this study was to assess the risk for further LSDV spread through the (a) analysis of environmental factors conducive for LSDV, and (b) estimate of the underlying LSDV risk, using a combination of ecological niche modelling and fine spatiotemporally explicit Bayesian hierarchical model on LSDV outbreak occurrence data. We used ecological niche modelling to estimate the potential distribution of LSDV outbreaks for 2014-2016. That analysis resulted in a spatial representation of environmental limits where, if introduced, LSDV is expected to efficiently spread. The Bayesian space-time model incorporated both environmental factors and the changing spatiotemporal distribution of the disease to capture the dynamics of disease spread and predict areas in which there is an increased risk for LSDV occurrence. Variables related to the average temperature, precipitation, wind speed, as well as land cover and host densities were important drivers explaining the observed distribution of LSDV in both modelling approaches. Areas of elevated LSDV risks were identified mainly in Russia, Turkey, Serbia and Bulgaria. The results suggest that, if current ecological and epidemiological conditions persist, further spread of LSDV in Eurasia may be expected. The results presented here advance our understanding of the ecological requirements of LSDV in temperate regions and may help in the design and implementation of prevention and surveillance strategies in the region.

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“…Lumpy skin disease (LSD) affects primarily cattle and occasionally buffalo [1,2]. It causes pyrexia, generalized skin and pox lesions of internal organs, as well as generalized lymphadenopathy [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recombinase polymerase amplification assay for rapid detection of lumpy skin disease virus

et al. 2016

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BackgroundLumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) is a Capripoxvirus infecting cattle and Buffalos. Lumpy skin disease (LSD) leads to significant economic losses due to hide damage, reduction of milk production, mastitis, infertility and mortalities (10 %). Early detection of the virus is crucial to start appropriate outbreak control measures. Veterinarians rely on the presence of the characteristic clinical signs of LSD. Laboratory diagnostics including virus isolation, sequencing and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are performed at well-equipped laboratories. In this study, a portable, simple, and rapid recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assay for the detection of LSDV-genome for the use on farms was developed.ResultsThe LSDV RPA assay was performed at 42 °C and detected down to 179 DNA copies/reaction in a maximum of 15 min. Unspecific amplification was observed with neither LSDV-negative samples (n = 12) nor nucleic acid preparations from orf virus, bovine papular stomatitis virus, cowpoxvirus, Peste des petits ruminants and Blue tongue virus (serotypes 1, 6 and 8). The clinical sensitivity of the LSDV RPA assay matched 100 % (n = 22) to real-time PCR results. In addition, the LSDV RPA assay detected sheep and goat poxviruses.ConclusionThe LSDV RPA assay is a rapid and sensitive test that could be implemented in field or at quarantine stations for the identification of LSDV infected case.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12917-016-0875-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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The utility of polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis of lumpy skin disease in cattle and water buffaloes in Egypt

Cited by 35 publications

References 19 publications

Lumpy skin disease in cattle: Frequency of occurrence in a dairy farm and a preliminary assessment of its possible impact on Egyptian buffaloes

Lumpy skin disease in cattle: Frequency of occurrence in a dairy farm and a preliminary assessment of its possible impact on Egyptian buffaloes

Mapping changes in the spatiotemporal distribution of lumpy skin disease virus

Recombinase polymerase amplification assay for rapid detection of lumpy skin disease virus

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