The utilization of irrigated pastures by dairy cows. I. A comparison of rotational and strip grazing

Freer, M.

doi:10.1017/s0021859600036601

Cited by 6 publications

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The utilization of irrigated pastures by dairy cows II. The effect of stocking rate

Freer¹

1960

J. Agric. Sci.

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In an earlier experiment (Freer, 1959) it was found that the efficiency of year-round pasture utilization by dairy cows on irrigated pasture was no greater with a strip-grazing system (twice daily shifts) than with a rotational grazing technique (5-to 7-day shifts). The results of that experiment, in which both treatments were maintained at the same overall stocking rate, were discussed in relation to experiments of other workers in which differential stocking rates had been used. It became apparent during the experiment at Werribee (and has been suggested by McMeekan & Hancock (1954) and McMeekan (1956) who obtained similar results from experiments in New Zealand) that the increased production per acre from strip grazing, that has been reported by others, was probably due to the effect on grazing efficiency of stocking rate per se rather than of the grazing management technique. In the earlier paper of this series the necessity for considering the effects of these two factors separately was stressed.In view of this, an experiment was designed to compare the efficiency of pasture utilization at two rates of stocking by milking cows on irrigated pasture, using the same grazing technique at both stocking rates. As there can be little question of the fact that animal production per acre will increase with stocking rate up to the point where the production of the individual animal is depressed through depression of nutrient intake, two stocking rates were chosen for this experiment which were at levels estimated to be at or about this point and above it.The experiment ran for two complete grazing seasons-1955-56 and 1956-7-and during these periods the treatments were compared on the basis of the animal production obtained from pasture. At the beginning of the second season the stocking rates on both areas were raised, to extend the range of the information obtained during the first season. Supplementary information was obtained on the effect of these treatments on the pastures, on the herbage intake of the cows, and on their grazing behaviour. EXPERIMENTALThe general features of the design of the experiment were as follows.(1) The two groups of cows were of equal size and grazed on unequal areas of pasture. During the first season the two stocking rates were 1-0 and 1-7 cows/acre, and during the second season 1-2 and 2-0 cows/acre (on irrigated dairy farms in Victoria a stocking rate of over 1-0 milking cows per acre is considered high). The two groups (known as the L and H groups, respectively) remained on their respective areas throughout the experiment.(2) The same grazing technique, rotational grazing, was used on both areas and the management was identical in all respects other than stocking rate.(3) The herbage that was surplus to immediate grazing requirements was conserved as hay (from the same proportion of both grazing areas) and fed back to the appropriate cows in the autumn so that the pasture utilized in each treatment could be assessed solely in terms of animal production. Cows usedAt the start of the f...

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The utilization of irrigated pastures by dairy cows II. The effect of stocking rate

Freer¹

1960

J. Agric. Sci.

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“…Many reported experiments on management techniques provide little useful information because their designs neglected the facts that (a) a difference in stocking rate between the techniques under study will have an effect on production and thus confound the effect of the technique (Lucas and McMeekan, 1959;line, 1970), and (b) comparisons al stocking rates far below the optimum are unlikely to test the techniques and are of little practical interest. Comparisons between grazing systems, made at uniform stocking rates, have shown little differences between strip, rotational, and continuous grazing (Campling, et'-al., 1958;Freer, 1959; Line, I 9 OO). A general review of the subject was made by Wheeler (i960) who concluded "contrary to frequently expressed opinion, forms of rotational grazing per se, have not, in objectively conducted experiments proved appreciably more productive (either in terms of product per animal or per unit land) than continuous grazing" (P. 68).…”

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The influence of grazing intensity on the performance of tropical grasses /

Adjei¹

1978

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Relationships between average daily gain, gain/ha and stocking rate on stargrasses. 88 5. Relationship between average daily gain and grazing pressure on UF-5 stargrass. 97 6. Relationship between average daily gain and grazing pressure on UF-4 stargrass. 98 7. Relationship between average daily gain and grazing pressure on McCaleb stargrass. 99 8. Relationship between average daily gain and residual grazing pressure on five tropical grass entries. 102 9. Total nonstructural carbohydrate found in the stubble and roots of UF-5 stargrass during a summer and fall grazing cycle following three stocking rates. 106 10. The effect of stocking rate on total nonstructural Carbohydrate in the stubble and roots of UF-5 stargrass during summer. 108 11. The effect of stocking rate on total nonstructural carbohydrate in the stubble and roots of UF-5 stargrass during fall. 109 Total nonstructural carbohydrate found in the stubble and roots of UF-4 stargrass during a summer and fall grazing cycle following three stocking rates. Ill xi i 12. 19. Total nonstructural carbohydrate in the stubble and roots of Pensacola bahiagrass during a summer and fall grazing cycle at the medium stocking rate.

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Dairy Production From Pasture; A Comparison of Two Methods of Controlled Grazing at Two Rates of Stocking

Foot¹

1960

Grass and Forage Science

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An experiment was started in 1957 that compared the production from dairy cows on daily stripfolding with that from a system of rotational grazing where the cows were given a fresh allocation of pasture about once or twice a week. Management was so arranged that equal areas of pasture were grazed off by the same number of cows in a similar period of time. The experiment was carried out at two rates of stocking, one about 20% greater than the other, the lower rate considered to be equivalent to good close folding practice and the higher rate therefore somewhat restrictive. No supplementary food was given during the grazing season.At the high rate of stocking, rotational grazing gave an average milk yield of 40 lb./cow/day whilst daily strip-folding yielded 38 lb./cow/day. At the low rate of stocking production was 42 Ib./ cow/day for both methods.At the high rate milk yield/acre from the rotational grazing was 1007 and from the strip-folding 977 gals. At the low rate comparable results were 881 and 874 gals.There was no general trend in yield per cow or per acre in favour of either the rotational grazing or daily strip-folding systems of management. Increasing cow days/acre by 21% decreased yield/ cow/day by 7% but significantly increased milk yield/acre, by 13%.

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The utilization of irrigated pastures by dairy cows. I. A comparison of rotational and strip grazing

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

The utilization of irrigated pastures by dairy cows II. The effect of stocking rate

The utilization of irrigated pastures by dairy cows II. The effect of stocking rate

The influence of grazing intensity on the performance of tropical grasses /

Dairy Production From Pasture; A Comparison of Two Methods of Controlled Grazing at Two Rates of Stocking

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