The validity of self-reported likelihood of HIV infection among the general population in rural Malawi

Bignami, Simona; Chao, Li‐Wei; Anglewicz, Philip; Chilongozi, David; Bula, Agatha

doi:10.1136/sti.2006.020545

Cited by 31 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The slightly higher accuracy among females compared to males found in our study is a reversal of the findings of higher accuracy for males found in Malawi [15]. This difference in accuracy between males and females may be due to a higher overestimation of risk among males.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

“…The level of accuracy of self-perceived risk (62%) found in this study, although lower than 71% reported in a Malawian study [15], is encouraging as accurate assessment of risk has been shown to be associated with good behaviours such as condom use in last sexual intercourse for example [18]. The slightly higher accuracy among females compared to males found in our study is a reversal of the findings of higher accuracy for males found in Malawi [15].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 84%

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Gender variation in self-reported likelihood of HIV infection in comparison with HIV test results in rural and urban Nigeria

et al. 2011

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BackgroundBehaviour change which is highly influenced by risk perception is a major challenge that HIV prevention efforts need to confront. In this study, we examined the validity of self-reported likelihood of HIV infection among rural and urban reproductive age group Nigerians.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study of a nationally representative sample of Nigerians. We investigated the concordance between self-reported likelihood of HIV and actual results of HIV test. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess whether selected respondents' characteristics affect the validity of self-reports.ResultsThe HIV prevalence in the urban population was 3.8% (3.1% among males and 4.6% among females) and 3.5% in the rural areas (3.4% among males and 3.7% among females). Almost all the respondents who claimed they have high chances of being infected with HIV actually tested negative (91.6% in urban and 97.9% in rural areas). In contrast, only 8.5% in urban areas and 2.1% in rural areas, of those who claimed high chances of been HIV infected were actually HIV positive. About 2.9% and 4.3% from urban and rural areas respectively tested positive although they claimed very low chances of HIV infection. Age, gender, education and residence are factors associated with validity of respondents' self-perceived risk of HIV infection.ConclusionSelf-perceived HIV risk is poorly sensitive and moderately specific in the prediction of HIV status. There are differences in the validity of self-perceived risk of HIV across rural and urban populations.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 84%

Gender variation in self-reported likelihood of HIV infection in comparison with HIV test results in rural and urban Nigeria

et al. 2011

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“…The network data were collected by fi rst asking the respondents how many people in respondent's risk environment and vary with respondent's reports of risky behaviors. For instance, a study in rural Uganda found that patterns of HIV risk perception by age and gender mirrored actual seroprevalence patterns (Kengeya-Kayondo et al 1999), and Anglewicz and Kohler (2005) and Bignami-Van Assche, Chao, and Anglewicz (2005) showed that men's and women's assessments of risk are consistent with evidence that men's greatest risk is from extramarital partners and women's greatest risk is from their husbands.…”

Section: Data and Contextmentioning

confidence: 74%

Childhood predictors of late‐life diabetes: The case of Mexico

Kohler

Soldo

2005

Social Biology

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“…However, it seems unlikely there would be differential reporting between the participants in the two models of testing. Furthermore, self-reported HIV status has been shown to have similar validity to other self-reported variables [25]. Lastly, the follow-up of patients at the HIV treatment clinic at the CHC where they were tested may not be an indication of an individual accessing care.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Provider-Initiated HIV Testing and Counseling: Increased Uptake in Two Public Community Health Centers in South Africa and Implications for Scale-Up

et al. 2011

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BackgroundInternational guidance recommends the scale up of routinely recommended, offered, and delivered health care provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling (PITC) to increase the proportion of persons who know their HIV status. We compared HIV test uptake under PITC to provider-referral to voluntary counseling and testing (VCT referral) in two primary health centers in South Africa.MethodsPrior to introducing PITC, clinical providers were instructed to refer systematically selected study participants to VCT. After PITC and HIV rapid test training, providers were asked to recommend, offer and provide HIV testing to study participants during the clinical consultation. Participants were interviewed before and after their consultation to assess their HIV testing experiences.ResultsHIV test uptake increased under PITC (OR 2.85, 95% CI 1.71, 4.76), and more patients felt providers answered their questions on HIV (104/141 [74%] versus 73/118 [62%] for VCT referral; p 0.04). After three months, only 4/106 (3.8%) HIV-positive patients had registered for onsite HIV treatment. Providers found PITC useful, but tested very few patients (range 0–15).ConclusionPITC increased the uptake of HIV testing compared with referral to onsite VCT, and patients reported a positive response to PITC. However, providing universal PITC will require strong leadership to train and motivate providers, and interventions to link HIV-positive persons to HIV treatment centers.

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The validity of self-reported likelihood of HIV infection among the general population in rural Malawi

Cited by 31 publications

References 10 publications

Gender variation in self-reported likelihood of HIV infection in comparison with HIV test results in rural and urban Nigeria

Gender variation in self-reported likelihood of HIV infection in comparison with HIV test results in rural and urban Nigeria

Childhood predictors of late‐life diabetes: The case of Mexico

Provider-Initiated HIV Testing and Counseling: Increased Uptake in Two Public Community Health Centers in South Africa and Implications for Scale-Up

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