The value of cooperatives in rural electrification

Yadoo, Annabel; Cruickshank, Heather

doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2010.01.031

Cited by 107 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The impact of electricity access for development is confirmed by several scientific and applied case studies which revealed significant positive impacts, for example on household income, expenditure, health care, and educational outcomes [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. In particular for grid [26], SHS [27] and mini-grid [28] electrification the beneficial impacts on households with regard to illumination and access to information have been underlined while a direct economic impact remains uncertain for grid [26] and SHS [27] based approaches.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 98%

Visualizing National Electrification Scenarios for Sub-Saharan African Countries

et al. 2017

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Some 630 million people representing two-thirds of all Africans have no access to electricity, which is identified as a key barrier towards further development. Three main electrification options are considered within our work: grid extensions, mini-grids and solar home systems (SHS). A methodology is applied to all sub-Saharan African countries to identify in high geospatial resolution which electrification option is appropriate taking into account datasets for night light imagery, population distribution and grid infrastructure. Four different scenarios are considered reflecting grid development and electrification constraints due to low population density. The results clearly indicate a dominating role of SHS for achieving a fast electrification of the not supplied people. The share of supplied people by mini-grids is found to be rather low while grid extension serves a large share of the population. The decisive factors for these distinctions are population density and distance to grid. We applied several scenarios and sensitivities to understand the influence of these key parameters. The highest trade-off happens between SHS and grid extension depending on the selected thresholds. Mini-grid deployments remain in the range of 8 to 21%.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 98%

Visualizing National Electrification Scenarios for Sub-Saharan African Countries

et al. 2017

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“…In the Energy for All Case, the main financing model for off-grid electrification of high energy expenditure households involves enhancing the capacity of dealers in solar home systems and lanterns to offer financing to end-users. Examples of this may be found in the Philippines (UNEP, 2007) and Kenya (Yadoo and Cruickshank, 2010). Government and concessional funds could also be used directly to support microfinancing 35 networks or local banks that, in turn, provide loans down the chain to end-users, as has happened, for example, in UNEP's India Solar Loan Programme (UNEP, 2007) and in several African countries under the Rural Energy Foundation, which is supported by the government of the Netherlands (Morris et al, 2007).…”

Section: Electricity Access -Financing Off-grid Electrificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Twenty-first Century Oil Encounter: Dispatches from Texas

Spinak¹

2017

Tech's Stories

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World Energy Outlook 2011 brings together the latest data, policy developments, and the experience of another year to provide robust analysis and insight into global energy markets, today and for the next 25 years. This edition of the IEA's flagship WEO publication gives the latest energy demand and supply projections for different future scenarios, broken down by country, fuel and sector. It also gives special focus to such topical energy sector issues as:Russia's energy prospects and their implications for global markets.The role of coal in driving economic growth in an emissions-constrained world.The implications of a possible delay in oil and gas sector investment in the Middle East and North Africa.How high-carbon infrastructure "lock-in" is making the 2°C climate change goal more challenging and expensive to meet.The scale of fossil fuel subsidies and support for renewable energy and their impact on energy, economic and environmental trends.A "Low Nuclear Case" to investigate what a rapid slowdown in the use of nuclear power would mean for the global energy landscape.The scale and type of investment needed to provide modern energy to the billions of the world's poor that do not have it. WORLD ENERGY OUTLOOK INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCYThe International Energy Agency (IEA), an autonomous agency, was established in November 1974. Its primary mandate was -and is -two-fold: to promote energy security amongst its member countries through collective response to physical disruptions in oil supply, and provide authoritative research and analysis on ways to ensure reliable, affordable and clean energy for its 28 member countries and beyond. The IEA carries out a comprehensive programme of energy co-operation among its member countries, each of which is obliged to hold oil stocks equivalent to 90 days of its net imports. The Agency's aims include the following objectives:Secure member countries' access to reliable and ample supplies of all forms of energy; in particular, through maintaining effective emergency response capabilities in case of oil supply disruptions. Promote sustainable energy policies that spur economic growth and environmental protection in a global context -particularly in terms of reducing greenhouse-gas emissions that contribute to climate change.Improve transparency of international markets through collection and analysis of energy data.Support global collaboration on energy technology to secure future energy supplies and mitigate their environmental impact, including through improved energy efficiency and development and deployment of low-carbon technologies.Find solutions to global energy challenges through engagement and dialogue with non-member countries, industry, international organisations and other stakeholders. IEA member countries: FOREWORDIt is the job of governments to take the decisions that will deliver a secure and sustainable energy future. They can make wise decisions only if they are well-informed and advised. That is the job of bodies such as the International Energy Agency ...

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“…It is [1,2]. Conventional electrification approaches such as grid extension are not financially viable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The difference between local supply cost and tariffs is borne first by the utility and ultimately by taxpayers and urban electricity consumers. Table 1 outlines key characteristics of the three communities examined 2 . Two communities are grouped together because that is how they appear in the census information.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviewing the viability of renewable energy in community electrification: The case of remote Western Australian communities

Byrnes

Brown

Wagner

et al. 2016

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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Governments and utilities are struggling to respond to the increasing costs of energy supply in remote networks while still meeting social objectives of access and availability. Due to vast distances and sparse population, remote Australian communities are generally electrified by distributed networks using diesel generation. This is expensive, environmentally damaging and fails to exploit vast renewable resources available. These communities are often regarded as "low hanging fruit" from a renewable energy deployment perspective. This paper examines why picking that fruit is not straightforward. In Western Australia, the local electricity distribution utility responsible for remote networks, developed a scheme to incentivise renewable energy deployment in remote communities. This scheme aims to facilitate renewable energy deployment from the "bottom up" by providing a feed-in tariff capped at $0.50/kWh, to reduce the supply cost and environmental damage from diesel generation. This incentive is designed to encourage communities to fund installation. However, to date, there has been limited deployment of renewables in remote communities. The viability of renewable energy in three indigenous communities in the Kimberley region of Western Australia all connected to isolated, diesel powered networks is assessed. Both the potential benefits that can arise across remote communities as well as the barriers to deployment are considered. Renewable energy installation is found to benefit the utility but can also benefit communities subject to their cost of capital and to the imposition of connection charges. However a range of barriers are frustrating deployment and a dynamic and adaptive approach that recognises local challenges and provides the communities with a pathway to installation is needed.

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The value of cooperatives in rural electrification

Cited by 107 publications

References 12 publications

Visualizing National Electrification Scenarios for Sub-Saharan African Countries

Visualizing National Electrification Scenarios for Sub-Saharan African Countries

The Twenty-first Century Oil Encounter: Dispatches from Texas

Reviewing the viability of renewable energy in community electrification: The case of remote Western Australian communities

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