Repulsive short-range and attractive long-range van der
Waals (vdW)
forces play an appreciable role in the behavior of extended molecular
systems. When using empirical force fields, the most popular computational
methods applied to such systems, vdW forces are typically described
by Lennard-Jones-like potentials, which unfortunately have a limited
predictive power. Here, we present a universal parameterization of
a quantum-mechanical vdW potential, which requires only two free-atom
propertiesthe static dipole polarizability α1 and the dipole–dipole C
6 dispersion
coefficient. This is achieved by deriving the functional form of the
potential from the quantum Drude oscillator (QDO) model, employing
scaling laws for the equilibrium distance and the binding energy,
and applying the microscopic law of corresponding states. The vdW–QDO
potential is shown to be accurate for vdW binding energy curves, as
demonstrated by comparing to the ab initio binding curves of 21 noble-gas
dimers. The functional form of the vdW–QDO potential has the
correct asymptotic behavior at both zero and infinite distances. In
addition, it is shown that the damped vdW–QDO potential can
accurately describe vdW interactions in dimers consisting of group
II elements. Finally, we demonstrate the applicability of the atom-in-molecule
vdW–QDO model for predicting accurate dispersion energies for
molecular systems. The present work makes an important step toward
constructing universal vdW potentials, which could benefit (bio)molecular
computational studies.