The Vanderbilt Cooperative Study of Maternal and Infant Nutrition IV. Dietary, Laboratory and Physical Findings in 2,129 Delivered Pregnancies

Darby, William J.; McGanity, William J.; Martin, Margaret P.; Bridgfort, E; Densen, Paul M.; Käser, Margaret M.; Ogle, Pauline Jones; Newbill, Josephine; Stockell, Anne; Ferguson, Mary Ellen; Touster, Oscar; McClellan, George S.; Williams, Claiborne; Cannon, Richard O.

doi:10.1093/jn/51.4.565

Cited by 61 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The decline in serum retinol levels in late pregnancy, especially for LIG, is consistent with the findings in previous longitudinal studies of this laboratory (Rajalakshmi & Ramakrishnan, 1969;Dave, 1980) and studies carried out elsewhere (Darby et al 1953;Venkatachalam et al 1962;McGanity et al 1963). In the study of Cayer, Crescenzo and Cody reviewed by Moore (1957), the decline in maternal serum retinol levels towards term was followed by a post-partum rise.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Liver stores of vitamin A in human fetuses in relation to gestational age, fetal size and maternal nutritional status

et al. 1987

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I . Studies were made on liver stores of retinol in aborted human fetuses and stillborn babies in relation to gestational age, fetal size and maternal retinol status. The mothers belonged to low-and high-income groups (LIG and HIG respectively) in urban Baroda.2. Fetal weights were less than those reported by Widdowson (1968) for similar gestational ages and the deficits were greater in LIG.3. The combined mean values &g/l) for maternal serum retinol for all gestational ages were 193 for LIG and 261 for HIG. They were found to decline in late pregnancy in the former but not significantly in the latter.4. Fetal liver retinol concentrations were much lower than those reported for healthy Thai subjects by Montreewasuwat & Olson (1979) in early pregnancy but showed complete 'catch up' in late pregnancy for HIG and to a considerable extent for LIG. 5.Significant correlations were found between maternal serum retinol, fetal liver retinol and fetal growth. 6. These findings stress the importance of adequate vitamin A supplies during pregnancy to prevent vitamin A deficiency and intra-uterine growth retardation in the newborn.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Liver stores of vitamin A in human fetuses in relation to gestational age, fetal size and maternal nutritional status

et al. 1987

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“…During the third trimester of pregnancy the average calorie intake of the combined group was 2020 kcal. This calorie intake is similar to those recorded by Moore, Purdy, Gibbons, Hollinger & Goldsmith (1947); Darby, McGanity, Martin, Bridgforth, Densen, Kaser, Ogle, Newbill, Stockell, Ferguson, Touster, McClellan, Williams & Cannon (1953) and Murphy & Wertz (1954) in the USA and by Guggenheim, Ilan, Vago & Mundel (1960) in Israel, but falls below those recorded by Thomson (1958) in the UK and by Hankin, Burden & Symonds (1964) in Australia, which are respectively 600 and 300 kcal greater. With one exception (Thomson, 1958), the subjects of these other studies included both multigravidae and primigravidae.…”

Section: Nutrient Intakesupporting

confidence: 87%

Nutrient intakes during pregnancy, lactation and after the cessation of lactation in a group of Australian women

English¹,

Hitchcock²

1968

Br J Nutr

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I. The dietary intakes of twenty-six women were investigated during their first pregnancy, at 6-8 weeks post-partum and at 6 months post-partum or after the cessation of breast-feeding.2 . Of this group, sixteen subjects were apparently breast-feeding satisfactorily at 6-8 weeks post-partum, as judged by the average weekly weight gain of their infants (202 g). 3. Changes in food consumption and nutrient intake were studied, together with changes in body-weight and activity. The subjects did not consume more calories during pregnancy. It appeared that this was a result of dietary advice received plus some curtailment of activity during pregnancy. There was an increase in intake of nutrients during lactation.4. Intakes of iron during the third trimester of pregnancy and of ascorbic acid during lactation were 1.9 k 0 . 3 mg (16 %) and 26 7.3 mg (26 %) respectively below the allowances recommended by the (Australian) National Health and Medical Research Council. The significance of these intakes is discussed. 5.No difference was detected in the diets during pregnancy of women who breast-fed compared with those who did not.

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“…Similar figures were reported in the above-mentioned studies: in the Louisiana study (Moore et al 1947 The mean daily calorie intake in our study was 2064 kcal. This figure compares well with that (2020) obtained by Darby et al (1953) and that (2041) found by Moore et al (1947) for white women but falls below the recent figure (2354) of Thomson (1958) for primigravidae of 'social class C (semi-skilled and unskilled manual occupations) in Aberdeen. A closer comparison of the results for the last group with the findings in our study shows that on the average the Scottish women consumed more calories, calcium, vitamin A and riboflavin, similar quantities of protein and nicotinic acid, and less ascorbic acid.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Nutritional status and food consumption of pregnant women in a development area of Israel

et al. 1960

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The purpose of the survey was to gain information on food habits and conditions and status of nutrition of pregnant women in one of Israel's development areas. These areas, the most important of which is the southern part of the country, called the Negev, with its capital Be'er-Sheba, are underpopulated and both economically and agriculturally underdeveloped ; there new immigrants are employed in road building, afforestation and other public works projects. On arrival they live in camps in small tin and wooden huts. Later, they settle in villages or small towns which they erect with governmental help. This system strives for a solution of two difficult problems which face the State of Israel: economic development of the country and absorption of the masses of immigrants. Many of the newcomers, originating in underdeveloped Near and Middle Eastern countries, are unskilled or semi-skilled labourers and have lived under backward cultural and health conditions. It is clear that serious social and public-health problems arise in this situation.Since we were not able to carry out a country-wide survey on representative groups of all parts of the population of Israel, a nutritionally vulnerable group was chosen: immigrant pregnant women living in a development area. Signs of malnutrition were thought to be more widespread among this sample of the total population than in the rest, and if signs of a specific deficiency were found to be absent, it could safely be concluded that malnutrition is not a major public-health problem to the country. METHODSThe survey was made between February 1958 and March 1959. The sample studied comprised 164 pregnant women who had arrived in Israel after 1954 and were living in Be'er-Sheba and four other small towns of the Negev. One-third was in the second trimester of pregnancy and two-thirds in the third; 19% were under 21 years old,, 60% between 21 and 30, and 21 yo over 30 years; 21 yo were primigravidae, 50% were in their second to fifth pregnancy, 24% in their sixth to ninth, and 5 yo in their tenth to fifteenth. Thus, most of the women were relatively young and had had already many preganancies.

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The Vanderbilt Cooperative Study of Maternal and Infant Nutrition IV. Dietary, Laboratory and Physical Findings in 2,129 Delivered Pregnancies

Cited by 61 publications

References 9 publications

Liver stores of vitamin A in human fetuses in relation to gestational age, fetal size and maternal nutritional status

Liver stores of vitamin A in human fetuses in relation to gestational age, fetal size and maternal nutritional status

Nutrient intakes during pregnancy, lactation and after the cessation of lactation in a group of Australian women

Nutritional status and food consumption of pregnant women in a development area of Israel

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