The Various Angles of Outphasing PAs: Competitiveness of Outphasing in Efficient Linear PA Applications

Litchfield, Michael; Cappello, Tommaso

doi:10.1109/mmm.2019.2891383

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…3a shows the traditional isolated combiner. The combiner is mostly realised as a Wilkinson combiner or hybrid coupler [4]- [7]. It is assumed that the PA's behave like ideal voltage sources and are represented by S 1 and S 2 .…”

Section: A Outphasing With Isolated Combinersmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Outphasing Methods for Beyond-5G Millimeter-Wave Base Station Applications

Versluis

Smolders

Bude

et al. 2021

2021 15th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

DOI to the publisher's website.• The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review.• The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal.If the publication is distributed under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the "Taverne" license above, please follow below link for the End User Agreement:

show abstract

Section: A Outphasing With Isolated Combinersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Modulating the outphasing angle Ψ between 0 • and 90 • achieves the desired amplitude and phase modulation of the to-be-transmitted signal. Outphasing is gaining interest in transmitter design and variations of the traditional method have been developed [5]- [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outphasing Methods for Beyond-5G Millimeter-Wave Base Station Applications

Versluis

Smolders

Bude

et al. 2021

2021 15th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To avoid wasting excessive power resources, highly efficient amplification architectures based on dynamic load or dynamic supply modulation have been proposed in the literature. Some of the most popular solutions are envelope tracking PAs [1], Doherty PAs [2], [3], load modulated balanced amplifiers (LMBA) [4], [5] and LINC or outphasing PAs [6], [7]. In each case, these highly efficient topologies require the use of digital predistortion (DPD) linearization to guarantee the stringent linearity requirements of today's systems, especially with the increasing signal bandwidth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconfigurable DPD Based on ANNs for Wideband Load Modulated Balanced Amplifiers Under Dynamic Operation From 1.8 to 2.4 GHz

Guillena

Montoro

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper proposes a methodology to ensure linear amplification of a load modulated balanced amplifier (LMBA) while keeping the power efficiency as high as possible over a frequency band ranging from 1.8 to 2.4 GHz and where the transmitted signals can present different bandwidth configurations. The proposed reconfigurable linearization methodology consists of, in a first step, tuning some free-parameters (with dependence on the signal bandwidth and frequency of operation) of the load modulated balanced amplifier (LMBA) to trade-off linearity and power efficiency. In a second step, two multi-purpose adaptive digital predistortion (DPD) linearizers are considered, properly combined with crest factor reduction (CFR) techniques, to meet the required linearity specifications. Either a DPD based on artificial neural networks or a DPD based on polynomials can be selected taking into account the compromise between computational complexity and linearization performance. Experimental results will validate the proposed methodology to guarantee the linearity levels (ACPR<-45 dBc and EVM<1%) with high power efficiency in an LMBA under dynamic transmission, where both the signal bandwidth (from 20 MHz and up to 200 MHz instantaneous bandwidth) and frequency of operation (in the range of 1.8 to 2.4 GHz) change.Index Terms-artificial neural network (ANN), digital predistortion (DPD), load-modulated balanced amplifiers (LMBA), power efficiency.

show abstract

“…As an alternative to class-AB linear but power inefficient amplification, more advanced amplification topologies based on dynamic load or dynamic supply modulation have been proposed in the literature. Some of the most popular solutions are envelope tracking PAs [ 1 ], Doherty PAs [ 2 , 3 ], load modulated balanced amplifiers (LMBA) [ 4 , 5 ], and outphasing PAs [ 6 , 7 ]. These amplification architectures are oriented at maximizing power efficiency, which means that, in order to guarantee the linearity levels specified in the communications standards, digital predistortion (DPD) linearisation is required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Machine-Learning Assisted Optimisation of Free-Parameters of a Dual-Input Power Amplifier for Wideband Applications

Wang

Quaglia

et al. 2021

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper presents an auto-tuning approach for dual-input power amplifiers using a combination of global optimisation search algorithms and adaptive linearisation in the optimisation of a multiple-input power amplifier. The objective is to exploit the extra degrees of freedom provided by dual-input topologies to enhance the power efficiency figures along wide signal bandwidths and high peak-to-average power ratio values, while being compliant with the linearity requirements. By using heuristic search global optimisation algorithms, such as the simulated annealing or the adaptive Lipschitz Optimisation, it is possible to find the best parameter configuration for PA biasing, signal calibration, and digital predistortion linearisation to help mitigating the inherent trade-off between linearity and power efficiency. Experimental results using a load-modulated balanced amplifier as device-under-test showed that after properly tuning the selected free-parameters it was possible to maximise the power efficiency when considering long-term evolution signals with different bandwidths. For example, a carrier aggregated a long-term evolution signal with up to 200 MHz instantaneous bandwidth and a peak-to-average power ratio greater than 10 dB, and was amplified with a mean output power around 33 dBm and 22.2% of mean power efficiency while meeting the in-band (error vector magnitude lower than 1%) and out-of-band (adjacent channel leakage ratio lower than −45 dBc) linearity requirements.

show abstract

The Various Angles of Outphasing PAs: Competitiveness of Outphasing in Efficient Linear PA Applications

Cited by 20 publications

References 50 publications

Outphasing Methods for Beyond-5G Millimeter-Wave Base Station Applications

Outphasing Methods for Beyond-5G Millimeter-Wave Base Station Applications

Reconfigurable DPD Based on ANNs for Wideband Load Modulated Balanced Amplifiers Under Dynamic Operation From 1.8 to 2.4 GHz

Machine-Learning Assisted Optimisation of Free-Parameters of a Dual-Input Power Amplifier for Wideband Applications

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About