A new antenna system concept is presented where a wide-scan focal plane array antenna is used to achieve point-to-multipoint communication. The focal plane of a parabolic toroid reflector is populated with several antenna arrays, the positions of which determine the directions of the beams. This concept is investigated for beams pointed towards 0 • (broadside) and 28 • in azimuth. Each array allows for scanning an additional ±1 • in azimuth and elevation. This allows for compensation of twist and sway of the antenna mast. Several array configurations are compared in terms of directivity and scan loss for such a system at E-band. It is found that an 8-by-8 array with an inter-element spacing of 0.7λ0 results in an optimal directivity with a scan loss lower than 1dB when scanning ±1 • in azimuth and elevation. For the 0 • beam direction the directivity is 45.5dBi and for the 28 • beam direction the directivity is 44.4dBi, showing the wide angle scanning properties of this system. An experimental system is built at K-band and measurements are performed showing this system in action. In the measurements an array of 8-by-8 is used with an inter-element spacing of 0.5λ0. The scan loss when scanning ±2 • in azimuth and elevation is below 1dB. The directivity is 37.0dBi and 35.4dBi for the 0 • and 28 • beam directions, respectively. The spillover losses and aperture efficiencies are also found, as well as a relative metric for the transmitted power and the effective isotropic radiated power for both the E-band and K-band systems.

DOI to the publisher's website.• The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review.• The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal.If the publication is distributed under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the "Taverne" license above, please follow below link for the End User Agreement:

published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal.If the publication is distributed under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the "Taverne" license above, please follow below link for the End User

DOI to the publisher's website.• The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review.• The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal.If the publication is distributed under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the "Taverne" license above, please follow below link for the End User Agreement:

A system-level study was conducted that evaluated the system performance of various dense and sparse antenna array configurations for application in millimeter-wave multi-user multiple-input multiple-output base stations. The performance was evaluated by investigating the probability that a user experiences an outage when a zero-forcing pre-coder is used in a random line of sight scenario. This paper shows that the outage probability significantly decreased when irregular sparse arrays were used rather than regular sparse or regular dense arrays. A re-configurable linear array was designed and realized as a demonstrator. It used 3D-printed aluminum box horn antenna elements that had wide scanning range in the azimuthal plane and a small scanning range in the elevation plane. For the demonstrator, it was shown that the outage probability was reduced from 3.85% to 0.64% by moving from a sparse regularly spaced array to a sparse randomly spaced array. This amounted to an improvement of a factor of six. The sparse topology allowed for the usage of large antenna elements that had an increased gain and still achieved wide-angle scanning, while reducing mutual coupling to a minimum.