The vasodilator action of histamine and of some other substances

Dale, H. H.; Richards, A. N.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1918.sp001825

Cited by 316 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…We must, therefore, conclude either that the denervated vessels become abnormally sensitive to acid-base changes or that in the normal innervated vessels the peripheral constrictor effect of alkali is balanced by a depressant effect on the centre. In view of the finding by Dale & Richards (1918) that denervated vessels are hypersensitive to adrenaline and histamine once they have recovered their tone, the former explanation appears most likely, and it may now be suggested that this hypersensitivity to alkali may indeed be the factor responsible for the normal recovery of tone after denervation as in the perfusion experiments of Hemingway & McDowall (1926) and of McDowall (1928 a). This suggestion is of considerable practical importance as it is found that after sympathectomy in man, the increased flow produced decreases after a few days (Learmonth, 1949).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…BLOOD VESSELS OF SKELETAL MUSCLE It has been found in the present experiments that the dilator response to adrenaline may return a few hours after section of the sympathetic chain. Other observers, for example, Dale & Richards (1918), found that the response to adrenaline returns after a variable time, but did not suggest any reason for the variation. By the use of choralose anaesthesia it would appear that the capillaries can regain their tone very rapidly or it may never be lost, and the response to histamine may be present before that to adrenaline returns (Fig.…”

Section: Effect Of Adrenalinementioning

confidence: 95%

“…The normal vaso-dilator response to histamine was first demonstrated by Dale & Richards (1918) and may also be abolished by denervation, but they did not differentiate between blood vessels in muscle and those in skin. They recorded, however, that denervation is rapidly followed by an exaggerated response to the drug.…”

Section: Effect Of Histaminementioning

confidence: 95%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The responses of the blood vessels of the muscles with special reference to their central control

McDowall¹

1950

The Journal of Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although some work has been done on the control of the blood vessels of the muscles, it is very largely prior to 1920 when our knowledge of the control of the circulation was much less. Now, however, that it is realized that the vessels within the muscles are capable of taking up a very large proportion of the blood in the body, the importance of the subject becomes evident The present experiments were carried out to discover to what extent these vessels are controlled centrally and how this control affects their responses. METHODSThe experiments were carried out in cats anaesthetized with chloralose and rested until the preliminary stimulation produced by the initial anaesthesia and operative procedures had passed off. This stage is usually reached in about an hour and is indicated by the pupil returning to its normal state of constriction and is considered important in securing the best normal responses.The vessels were studied by enclosing a skinned hind-limb in a plethysmograph in the usual way, the foot being tied off. In many cases comparisons were similarly made on the other normal limb. In all cases a rise in kymograph records from limbs indicates increase in volume of the limb. In all experiments a recorder, already described by McDowall (1928b), was used with the important addition of a shaking device which not only prevents effects of surface action on the bell of the recorder but at the same time makes the records more easily photographed. RESULTSThe normal tonic activity of the vasoconstrictor centre and the effects of denervation The vessels of the muscles are apparently in a tonic state under the control of the vasomotor centre through the sympathetic outflow, for the sldnned limb volume increases markedly when the abdominal sympathetic chain is cut at the level of the third lumbar vertebra. This may be done without disturbance of the plethysmograph (Fig. 1), but has not hitherto been recorded. In some PH. CXI.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Effect Of Adrenalinementioning

confidence: 95%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The responses of the blood vessels of the muscles with special reference to their central control

McDowall¹

1950

The Journal of Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Since there is usually a reversal of the motor response in isolated preparations when the dose of adrenaline is sufficiently reduced, it appears likely that only relaxation would result from the concentration of adrenaline normally occurring in the circulating blood. Dale and Richards (1918) have described a -similar type of reversal in the response of the blood vessels to adrenaline. A sufficiently great diminution in the dose of adrenaline may also change the response of the longitudinal muscle of the isolated rabbit ileum (Hoskins, 1912), but in this preparation it is the higher concentration of adrenaline which causes relaxation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Effect of Adrenaline and Noradrenaline on the Activity of Isolated Preparations of the Gut From the Foetal Guinea‐pig

Munro¹

1953

British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A motor response to adrenaline which occurs in the terminal part of the guinea-pig ileum and is stronger in small than in large animals has previously been described (Munro, 1951a). In view of this apparent relation between the adrenaline response and the size of the animal, it was considered worth while making some observations on the response of the foetal gut to adrenaline. The first few observations suggested that the terminal part of the isolated foetal ileum was relaxed by adrenaline. Further work, however, showed that considerable differences in the nature and the degree of response to adrenaline occurred in different terminal segments. The response was often purely motor, as in the adult; but in those segments whose response was a relaxation continued washing, associated with a reduction of the prevailing tone, usually changed it to a contraction.The present paper describes the distribution of the motor response to adrenaline in the foetal gut, and compares the characteristics of the intestinal response to adrenaline and noradrenaline. It has been shown by West and Shepherd (1951) that the foetal suprarenal glands contain a higher concentration of noradrenaline than of adrenaline. It was therefore of interest to determine the relative effects of these two substances on the foetal intestine. METHODS Mature guinea-pig foetuses were used whose weights varied from 50-70 g.; the appearance of the foetuses was very similar to that of the animal after birth. Ten pregnant animals each provided from two to four foetuses. Those which could not be used immediately were destroyed by cutting the carotid arteries and were placed in the refrigerator, to be used when convenient, which was always within four or five hours from death. Preparations made from foetuses which had been frozen for this length of time responded similarly to fresh preparations.The foetal small intestine varied in length between 16 and 20 in. Segments about 2 in. in length were removed from the required levels of the intestine and suspended in a bath of capacity 100 ml. contain-, ing Krebs's physiological salt solution. Four segments taken from different levels of the same intestine were suspended in one bath at the same time, so that simultaneous records were obtained under identical conditions.; Drugs were added to the bath in a concentration of 1: 2 X 104 from a 2-ml. pipette. The concentration of dl-noradrenaline in the bath was twice that of I-adrenaline when responses to the two drugs were to be compared. Fig. 1 A shows the responses to adrenaline (1: 1 X 106) of segments taken from different levels of the foetal intestine. The terminal ileum contracted; immediately higher segments gave progressively smaller contractions, and at still higher levels the response changed to relaxation. In the region of the duodenum there was a biphasic response with initial relaxation followed by a gradual contraction above the original tonus level. However, some preparations from the foetal duodenum only contracted and others only relaxed. When relaxation occ...

show abstract

“…It is in these latter that special interest may arise. The fall of blood-pressure by histamine is the resultant of a strong peripheral dilator effect and a weak less peripheral constrictor effect [Dale and Richards, 1918]. Adenosine dilates the arterioles.…”

Section: Adenine Compounds 309mentioning

confidence: 99%

Further observations relating to the physiological activity of adenine compounds

Bennet¹,

Drury²

1931

The Journal of Physiology

122

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The vasodilator action of histamine and of some other substances

Cited by 316 publications

References 9 publications

The responses of the blood vessels of the muscles with special reference to their central control

The responses of the blood vessels of the muscles with special reference to their central control

The Effect of Adrenaline and Noradrenaline on the Activity of Isolated Preparations of the Gut From the Foetal Guinea‐pig

Further observations relating to the physiological activity of adenine compounds

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About