The vegetation of the Grand River/Cedar River, Sioux, and Ashland Districts of the Custer National Forest: a habitat type classification.

Characteristics and distribution of potential ash tree hosts for emerald ash borer

“…Because of this stress tolerance, green ash is commonly planted in strip mine reclamations (Fowells, 1965). Green ash is also an important component of the Great Plains prairiewoodland ecosystems (Hansen and Hoffman, 1988) and is one of most commonly planted species in the Great Plains shelterbelts, because it can persist on dry soils once established (Harlow et al, 1991). Hence, while green ash is principally a wetland species, it is capable of surviving under a wide range of conditions.…”

Inventory methods for trees in nonforest areas in the great plains states

“…1). Hansen and Hoffman (1988) report that green ash is a significant component of the vegetation in the northern Plains States. Ball et al (2007) showed that ash is the most commonly planted street tree in South Dakota.…”

Seed Bank Depletion: The Key to Long-Term Downy Brome ( Bromus tectorum L.) Management

“…In the sagebrush steppe and bunchgrass zones of the Intermountain West, downy brome can be found in and often dominates vast tracts in big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) and bluebunch wheatgrass (Blackburn et al 1969;Brown 1971;Hansen and Hoffman 1988;Hironaka et al 1983;Hopkins 1979a;Hopkins 1979b;Hopkins et al 1983;McClean 1970;Mueggler and Stewart 1980;Thilenius et al 1995;Young et al 1976), Thurber needlegrass (Achnatherum thurberianum) (Young et al 1976), needle-and-thread (Heterostipa comata) (McClean 1970;Young et al 1976), western wheatgrass (Pascopyrum smithii) (Blackburn et al 1969;Hansen and Hoffman 1988;Thilenius et al 1995), basin giant wildrye (Elymus cinereus) (Blackburn et al 1969;Young et al 1976), Idaho fescue (Festuca idahoensis), rough fescue (F. altaica), bottlebrush squirreltail, low sagebrush (A. arbuscula) (Hironaka et al 1983;Hopkins 1979a;McClean 1970;Mueggler and Stewart 1970;Terwilliger and Tiedeman 1978;, spiny hopsage (Grayia spinosa), and rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus spp.) (Blackburn et al 1968) plant communities.…”

“…Downy brome also dominates sites occupied by silver sagebrush (A. cana) and blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis) in Wyoming (Thilenius et al 1995). In pinyon-juniper and mountain brush lands, downy brome associates with Rocky Mountain juniper (Juniperus scopulorum) (Hansen and Hoffman 1988;Terwiller and Tiedeman 1978) western juniper (J. occidentalis) (Driscoll 1964;Franklin and Dyrness 1973), singleleaf pinyon (Pinus monophylla) (Everett 1985;Lewis 1971), Colorado pinyon (P. edulis), Gambel oak (Quercus gambelii) (Hess and Wasser 1982;Muldavin et al 1996), Emory oak (Q. emoryi) (Warren et al 1992), antelope bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata) (Driscoll 1964;Franklin and Dyrness 1973;Mueggler and Stewart 1980;Young et al 1976), curlleaf mountain mahogany (Cercocarpus ledifolius) (Franklin and Dyrness 1973;Lewis 1971;Young et al 1976), skunkbush sumac (Rhus trilobata) (Mueggler and Stewart 1980;Thilenius et al 1995), snowberry (Symphoricarpos spp.) (Young et al 1976), serviceberry (Amelanchier pallida), and mountain big sagebrush (A. tridentata ssp.…”