The water balance of Lake Kyoga, Uganda

Abstract

The annual water balance of Lake Kyoga is estimated by a comparison of upstream and downstream flows in the Nile channel during a period of reliable measurements , supported by rainfall records over the basin. The relative contributions of net lake rainfall and tributary inflows are estimated. Changes in annual rainfall and seasonal distribution are examined.Key words Lake Kyoga; annual balance; basin rainfall; tributary inflow Le bilan en eau du lac Kyoga (Ouganda)Résumé Le bilan annuel du lac Kyoga a été établi en utilisant les débits du Nil en amont et en aval du lac pendant une période de mesures fiables , ainsi que les archives des précipitations sur le bassin versant. Les contributions des précipitations nettes sur le lac et les débits des affluents ont été estimées. Les variations des précipitations annuelles et leur distribution saisonnière ont été étudiées.

Recent changes in terrestrial water storage in the Upper Nile Basin: an evaluation of commonly used gridded GRACE products

“…Estimates of mean annual evaporation from the surface of Lake Victoria vary from 1260 mm (UNEP, 2013) to 1566 mm (Hoogeveen et al, 2015), whereas mean annual evaporation from the surface of Lake Kyoga is estimated to vary from 1205 mm (Brown and Sutcliffe, 2013) to 1660 mm (Hoogeveen et al, 2015). Evapotranspirative fluxes from the surrounding swamps in Lake Kyoga are estimated to be much higher and approximately 2230 mm yr −1 (Brown and Sutcliffe, 2013).…”

“…Evapotranspirative fluxes from the surrounding swamps in Lake Kyoga are estimated to be much higher and approximately 2230 mm yr −1 (Brown and Sutcliffe, 2013).…”

“…In this study, we apply five different monthly GRACE solutions for the period of January 2003 to December 2012: post-processed, gridded (1 • × 1 • ) GRACE-TWS time-series records from three GRCTellus land solutions from CSR, JPL, and GFZ processing centres (available at http://grace.jpl.nasa.gov/data) Landerer and Swenson, 2012), JPL-Mascons Wiese et al, 2015), and GRGS GRACE products (CNES/GRGS release RL03-v1) (Biancale et al, 2006).…”

Physico-Chemical Quality of Lake Kyoga at Selected Landing Sites and Anthropogenic Activities

“…Lake Kyoga basin experiences a bi-modal rainfall distribution pattern with two peak rainfall periods in April/May and October/November while the rest of the months (March-November) have well-spread distribution of rainfall [23] [28].…”

“…With the increasing human population and associated activities in the Lake Kyoga catchment, water pollution problems are likely to rise hence there is a need for continuous monitoring. However, previous limnological investigations on Lake Kyoga are few and small in scope as compared to other African lakes and Lake Kyoga basin is the least studied of the Journal of Water Resource and Protection Nile tributaries [18]- [23]. Hence this study determined the physico-chemical quality of Lake Kyoga at the most common anthropogenic activities (boat dock, waste site, garden and fishing areas) with high water pollution potential in selected landing sites within the lake basin.…”