The West, Russia, and China in Central Asia: What Kind of Game Is Being Played in the Region?

Torbakov, Igor

doi:10.1007/s11300-007-0130-7

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 2 publications

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“…LITERATURE REVIEW D. Kerr [1] and I. Torbakov [2] examine the ongoing process of division of spheres of influence among the three world powers -China, Russia and the USA. Special attention is paid to the question of how their interactions may affect European states.…”

Section: IImentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Northern Sea Route in Expanding China's Exports to Europe

Garmash¹

2019

Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Education Science and Social Development (ESSD 2019)

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Recently China has been facing a problem of reduced exports to Europe caused by the rise of the yuan, the increasing labour and transportation costs. This article aims to investigate the opportunities for expanding China's exports to the EU offered by the Northern Sea Route. Comparison of the distances between the main sea ports connecting China and Europe via the Northern and SouthernSea Routes shows that the former may well prove to be a viable option if China uses the part of the route running along the Russian Arctic coast. One of the possible economic benefits of the Northern Sea Route is that, when navigable, it significantly saves transportation time and reduces shipping costs. In addition to China's already established trading partners in Europe, Finland, Norway and Ireland could provide new markets for Chinese goods since these countries have multiple ports, which can be easily accessed from the sea.

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Section: IImentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Northern Sea Route in Expanding China's Exports to Europe

Garmash¹

2019

Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Education Science and Social Development (ESSD 2019)

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Kazakhstan: Oil endowment and oil empowerment

Palazuelos

Fernández

2012

Communist and Post-Communist Studies

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Kazakhstan became a petro-state in the 1990s, after signing important oil production agreements with several transnational companies. In recent years, Kazakhstan’s government has imposed the revision of former agreements on these corporations. This article contends that said revision has allowed the national players, government and the state oil company, to extend rent-seeking, but that the changes have not been deep enough to attain national oil empowerment. This means that national players do not control the oil cycle – from upstream to export trade – and are unable to secure continued expansion in the oil sector. Both key issues remain in the hands of the foreign companies, although their prominence has diversified following the entry of large Chinese and Russian companies.

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The Islamic Republic of Iran's relations with the Republic of Tajikistan in the post-Soviet period

Clark¹

2015

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The West, Russia, and China in Central Asia: What Kind of Game Is Being Played in the Region?

Abstract: Geopolitical competition, national interest, security presence,

Cited by 4 publications

References 2 publications

The Role of the Northern Sea Route in Expanding China's Exports to Europe

The Role of the Northern Sea Route in Expanding China's Exports to Europe

Kazakhstan: Oil endowment and oil empowerment

The Islamic Republic of Iran's relations with the Republic of Tajikistan in the post-Soviet period

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