The West Spitsbergen Current volume and heat transport from synoptic observations in summer

Walczowski, Waldemar; Piechura, Jan; Osiński, Robert; Wieczorek, Piotr

doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2005.03.009

Cited by 73 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Accordingly, G. oceanicus enters Hornsund and Isfjorden further along their south coast's than the north ones. Interestingly, the slow northeastward advance of G. oceanicus in Sørkappland (about 50 km) goes against the local Sørkapp current that carries cold waters from the Barents Sea in the northwestward direction along the Spitsbergen coast with velocities of up to 0.50 m/s (Walczowski, 2014; Walczowski et al., 2005). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Range extension of a boreal amphipod Gammarus oceanicus in the warming Arctic

Węsławski

Dragańska‐Deja

Legeżyńska

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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The recent (2008–2016) occurrence of a boreal intertidal amphipod Gammarus oceanicus along the Spitsbergen coast is compared with corresponding data from 1980 to 1994. We aimed to compare the pace of environmental changes in the area (ice retreat, temperature increase) with distribution change of G. oceanicus. Material for the study was collected from intertidal, at low water level from over 100 locations on Spitsbergen, the main island of Svalbard archipelago (expanding from 76 to 80°N). The west coast of the island has been exposed to a steady increase in sea surface and air temperature (2°C in 20 years), as well as a significant decrease in fast ice duration (from over 5 months to less than 1 per year). A total length of more than 3,600 km of the island's coastline has been recently impacted by warming. Of the two sibling Gammarus species that dwell in the Spitsbergen littoral, G. setosus, the local cold water species remains generally where it was observed about 20–30 years ago. By contrast, boreal G. oceanicus has expanded its distribution range by over 1,300 km along the west and north coasts of Spitsbergen and gained dominating position on the number of sites, where it was previously just an occasional species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Range extension of a boreal amphipod Gammarus oceanicus in the warming Arctic

Węsławski

Dragańska‐Deja

Legeżyńska

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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“…A recent increase in northward heat transport with AW ranges from 28 to 70 terawatts (Cisewski et al 2003; Schauer et al Table 1 Factors measured during studies conducted in Hornsund (H) and Kongsfjorden (K). Walczowski et al 2005). This heat influx warms adjacent waters and land and increases vapour content, resulting in cloudiness that affects the light conditions during the growth season.…”

Section: Study Ar Eamentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary producers and production in Hornsund and Kongsfjorden – comparison of two fjord systems

Smoła¹,

Tatarek²,

Wiktor³

et al. 2017

Polish Polar Research

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Hornsund and Kongsfjorden are two similar-sized Arctic fjords on the West coast of Spitsbergen. They are influenced by cold coastal Arctic water (Hornsund) and warmer Atlantic water (Kongsfjorden). Environmental conditions affect the timing, quantity, spatial distribution (horizontal and vertical) of spring and summer blooms of protists as well as the taxonomic composition of those assemblages. Here, we compile published data and unpublished own measurement from the past two decades to compare the environmental factors and primary production in two fjord systems. Kongsfjorden is characterized by a deeper euphotic zone, higher biomass and greater proportion of autotrophic species. Hornsund seems to obtain more nutrients due to the extensive seabird colonies and exhibits higher turbidity compared to Kongsfjorden. The annual primary production in the analysed fjords ranges from 48 g C m -2 y -1 in Kongsfjorden to 216 g C m -2 y -1 in Hornsund, with a dominant component of microplankton (90%) followed by macrophytes and microphytobenthos.

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“…The two water masses partly mix, creating a transitional zone of differing widths depending on the season (Daase et al 2007;Walczowski and Piechura 2007;Trudnowska et al 2012). Smeerenburgfjorden lies at the northern end of the cold coastal current that flows along the west coast of Spitsbergen, but it is also strongly influenced by the Svalbard Branch of WSC (Saloranta and Svendsen 2001;Walczowski et al 2005), which carries warm, saline Atlantic water to the north of the island. During the little auk breeding season in the studied year, the marginal sea ice zone was located 110-190 km north off Magdalenefjorden, and there was no ice in the Hornsund area (Norwegian Ice Service; http:// polarview.met.no/) (Fig.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra-seasonal variation in zooplankton availability, chick diet and breeding performance of a high Arctic planktivorous seabird

et al. 2016

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Different phenological responses to climate changes by species representing preys and predators may lead to mismatch between functionally dependent components of an ecosystem, with important effects on its structure and functioning. Here, we investigate withinseason variation in zooplankton availability, chick diet composition and breeding performance of a small planktivorous seabird, the little auk (Alle alle) in two large colonies in Hornsund and Magdalenefjorden, Spitsbergen, differing in synchrony of breeding (11-day vs. 22-day hatching period, respectively). Assuming similar zooplankton phenology and existing differences in duration of the little auk breeding period, we expected lower availability of the preferred food in the less synchronized colony in Magdalenefjorden and in consequence a negative effect on nestling body mass and survival. We found that in both colonies Calanus glacialis (copepodite stage CV) was the most important prey item in the chick diet making up 68-87 % of the biomass and energy of all prey items. The only exception was the end of the chick-rearing period in Magdalenefjorden, when contribution of this prey item was significantly lower (24-26 %). Thus, late breeders in Magdalenefjorden were apparently mismatched regarding C. glacialis CV availability. However, the hatching date did not affect birds fitness (reproductive output and chick pre-fledging mass) significantly. Results of our study indicate that little auks breeding on Spitsbergen can respond to a wide range of environmental conditions and prey availabilities through the plasticity of their foraging behaviour, which may help them to maintain their optimum fitness level in changing and unpredictable environments.

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The West Spitsbergen Current volume and heat transport from synoptic observations in summer

Cited by 73 publications

References 40 publications

Range extension of a boreal amphipod Gammarus oceanicus in the warming Arctic

Range extension of a boreal amphipod Gammarus oceanicus in the warming Arctic

Primary producers and production in Hornsund and Kongsfjorden – comparison of two fjord systems

Intra-seasonal variation in zooplankton availability, chick diet and breeding performance of a high Arctic planktivorous seabird

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