The Xis2d protein of CTnDOT binds to the intergenic region between the mob and tra operons

Hopp, Crystal M.; Gardner, Jeffrey F.; Salyers, Abigail A.

doi:10.1016/j.plasmid.2015.07.002

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“… 2013a , Ringwald and Gardner 2015 ). Xis2c and Xis2d are essential for the excision of CTn DOT and bind to attL and attR (Hopp, Gardner and Salyers 2015 ). Exc is a topoisomerase III essential to excision (Sutanto et al.…”

Section: Experimental Model Ices: Mechanisms and Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The hidden life of integrative and conjugative elements

Delavat

Miyazaki

Carraro

et al. 2017

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

177

201

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Integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) are widespread mobile DNA that transmit both vertically, in a host-integrated state, and horizontally, through excision and transfer to new recipients. Different families of ICEs have been discovered with more or less restricted host ranges, which operate by similar mechanisms but differ in regulatory networks, evolutionary origin and the types of variable genes they contribute to the host. Based on reviewing recent experimental data, we propose a general model of ICE life style that explains the transition between vertical and horizontal transmission as a result of a bistable decision in the ICE–host partnership. In the large majority of cells, the ICE remains silent and integrated, but hidden at low to very low frequencies in the population specialized host cells appear in which the ICE starts its process of horizontal transmission. This bistable process leads to host cell differentiation, ICE excision and transfer, when suitable recipients are present. The ratio of ICE bistability (i.e. ratio of horizontal to vertical transmission) is the outcome of a balance between fitness costs imposed by the ICE horizontal transmission process on the host cell, and selection for ICE distribution (i.e. ICE ‘fitness’). From this emerges a picture of ICEs as elements that have adapted to a mostly confined life style within their host, but with a very effective and dynamic transfer from a subpopulation of dedicated cells.

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Section: Experimental Model Ices: Mechanisms and Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The hidden life of integrative and conjugative elements

Delavat

Miyazaki

Carraro

et al. 2017

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

177

201

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These two proteins bind DNA in a sequence‐specific manner, but their binding sites are strikingly different. While Xis2d binds a single region of dyad symmetry (Hopp et al ., ), Xis protein from P22 binds cooperatively to four 6 bp direct repeats separated by 4 bp spacers. It was shown that both proteins bend DNA, and the bending induced by the Xis2d protein is important for transcriptional activation of nearby mob operon (Hopp et al ., ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new family of transcriptional regulators of tungstoenzymes and molybdate/tungstate transport

Rajeev

Garber

Zane

et al. 2019

Environmental Microbiology

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Summary Bacterial genes for molybdenum‐containing and tungsten‐containing enzymes are often differentially regulated depending on the metal availability in the environment. Here, we describe a new family of transcription factors with an unusual DNA‐binding domain related to excisionases of bacteriophages. These transcription factors are associated with genes for various molybdate and tungstate‐specific transporting systems as well as molybdo/tungsto‐enzymes in a wide range of bacterial genomes. We used a combination of computational and experimental techniques to study a member of the TF family, named TaoR (for tungsten‐containing aldehyde oxidoreductase regulator). In Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough, a model bacterium for sulfate reduction studies, TaoR activates expression of aldehyde oxidoreductase aor and represses tungsten‐specific ABC‐type transporter tupABC genes under tungsten‐replete conditions. TaoR binding sites at aor promoter were identified by electrophoretic mobility shift assay and DNase I footprinting. We also reconstructed TaoR regulons in 45 Deltaproteobacteria by comparative genomics approach and predicted target genes for TaoR family members in other Proteobacteria and Firmicutes.

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“…Additionally, for these ICEs the excisionase has been found to act as a transcription factor, activating the expression of downstream genes required for the transfer of the elements. This indicates that ICEs of the Mesorhizobium spp., may use a similar method of regulation observed for CTn DOT of Bacteroides thetaiotamicron , in which the excisionases moonlight as transcription factors, activating the expression of genes needed for conjugative replication, thereby directly linking Xis to the regulation of replication [44,45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Timing of integration into the chromosome is critical for the fitness of an integrative and conjugative element and its bacterial host

McKeithen-Mead

Grossman

2022

Preprint

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Integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) are major contributors to genome plasticity in bacteria. ICEs reside integrated in the chromosome of a host bacterium and are passively propagated during chromosome replication and cell division. When activated, ICEs excise from the chromosome and may be transferred through the ICE-encoded conjugation machinery into a recipient cell. Integration into the chromosome of the new host generates a stable transconjugant. Although integration into the chromosome of a new host is critical for the stable acquisition of ICEs, few studies have directly investigated the molecular events that occur in recipient cells during generation of a stable transconjugant. We found that integration of ICEBs1, an ICE of Bacillus subtilis, occurred several generations after initial transfer to a new host. Premature integration in new hosts led to cell death and hence decreased fitness of the ICE and transconjugants. Host lethality due to premature integration was caused by rolling circle replication that initiated in the integrated ICEBs1 and extended into the host chromosome, resulting in catastrophic genome instability. Our results demonstrate that the timing of integration of an ICE is linked to cessation of autonomous replication of the ICE, and that perturbing this linkage leads to a decrease in ICE and host fitness due to a loss of viability of transconjugants. Linking integration to cessation of autonomous replication appears to be a conserved regulatory scheme for mobile genetic elements that both replicate and integrate into the chromosome of their host.

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The Xis2d protein of CTnDOT binds to the intergenic region between the mob and tra operons

Cited by 4 publications

References 35 publications

The hidden life of integrative and conjugative elements

The hidden life of integrative and conjugative elements

A new family of transcriptional regulators of tungstoenzymes and molybdate/tungstate transport

Timing of integration into the chromosome is critical for the fitness of an integrative and conjugative element and its bacterial host

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