The Yucatan miniature swine as an in vivo model for screening skin depigmentation

Nair, Xina; Tramposch, Kenneth M.

doi:10.1016/0923-1811(91)90007-k

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…• in vivo assays and clinical trials: Mammalian skin is generally preferred to evaluate the efficacy and innocuousness of a given substance [93]: several animal models, more reliable than in vitro tests, have been used, e.g., the mouse [92,94], the zebrafish [94][95][96], the guinea pig [97,98], and the Yucatan swine [99,100]. The zebrafish presents several advantages, including easy maintenance and handling of the animals, short generation times, and high efficiency of drug penetration through the skin [96,101,102].…”

Section: Testing the Whitening Potential Of A Given Substancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given the close morphologic and functional similarities between pig and human skins (similar epidermis thickness, similar epidermal cells turnover time, etc. ), the effectiveness of depigmenting agents was also often evaluated in Yucatan miniature swine [99,100,[104][105][106]. More complete studies taking into account the quantification of melanin production, the evaluation of the expression of cellular factors and tyrosinase, etc., may thus be undertaken in such robust integrative experimental models.…”

Section: Testing the Whitening Potential Of A Given Substancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Skin Whitening Cosmetics: Feedback and Challenges in the Development of Natural Skin Lighteners

et al. 2016

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Abstract:With the public's growing interest in skin whitening, lightening ingredients only used under dermatological supervision until recently, are more and more frequently incorporated into cosmetic formulas. The active agents that lighten skin tone are either natural or synthetic substances, and may act at various levels of melanogenesis. They are used to treat various skin pigmentation disorders or simply to obtain a lighter skin tone as whiter skin may be synonymous of wealth, health, youth, and/or beauty in different cultures. However, recent studies demonstrated the adverse effects of some of these ingredients, leading to their interdiction or restricted use under the European Directive and several other international regulations. After an overview of skin whitening practices and the associated risks, this article provides insight into the mechanisms involved in melanin synthesis and the biological assays available to attest the lightening activity of individual ingredients. The legislation dealing with the use of skin lighteners is then discussed. As traditional depigmenting agents such as hydroquinone and corticosteroids are of safety concern, the potential of natural extracts has been investigated more and more; finally, a synthesis of three years of research in our laboratory for such plant extracts will be given.

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Section: Testing the Whitening Potential Of A Given Substancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Testing the Whitening Potential Of A Given Substancementioning

confidence: 99%

Skin Whitening Cosmetics: Feedback and Challenges in the Development of Natural Skin Lighteners

et al. 2016

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“…25,37,51 For previously mentioned reasons domestic pigs or minipigs are increasingly used for preclinical studies in investigative dermatology, which in turn has resulted in increased availability of new investigative tools such as monoclonal antibodies to cell surface markers or cytokines. 17,24,34,40,46,49,55,59,61 In addition, the possible use of genetically altered pigs as organ donors for humans created tremendous interest in swine immunology as an investigative tool.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphologic and Immunohistochemical Features of Experimentally Induced Allergic Contact Dermatitis in Göttingen Minipigs

Vana

Meingassner

2000

Vet Pathol

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Abstract. Many preclinical studies in investigative dermatology are performed preferably in pigs because pig skin is more similar to human skin than is rodent skin. A frequently used model is allergic contact dermatitis (ACD); however, this T-cell-mediated skin condition so far is not well characterized in pigs. The present study is aimed at the evaluation of morphologic and immunohistochemical features of experimentally induced acute ACD in Göttingen minipigs using 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) as a hapten. Eight minipigs were sensitized with 10% DNFB and challenged 2 weeks later at different sites with 1% DNFB. In addition to clinical examinations, cutaneous blood flow was quantified by laser Doppler velocimetry (Periflux PF3). These examinations were performed before challenge and 8, 24, 48, and 72 hours after challenge. Skin biopsies were taken at the same time points, fixed, sectioned, and stained with Giemsa for histologic evaluation, or with mouse anti-swine monoclonal antibodies (CD1, CD2, CD4, CD5, CD8, CD25, CD45, MHCII) and with one mouse anti-human monoclonal antibody (CD62E) cross-reacting with swine for immunohistochemical evaluation. Positively stained cells were counted per square millimeter of epidermis and dermis by using a video image analyzing system (Videoplan Kontron). Erythema and cutaneous blood flow peaked at 24 hours. The major epidermal changes most pronounced at 48 hours were acanthosis, spongiosis, intracellular edema, exocytosis, and abscesses mainly containing neutrophils and mononuclear cells (MNC). Perivascular infiltrates of MNC as well as neutrophils and eosinophils were the most significant dermal changes, with peak levels at 24-48 hours. In biopsies taken before challenge, CD1ϩ dendritic cells were found in similar numbers and locations as MHCII ϩ cells in the epidermis. In the epidermis the maximum CD1 ϩ cell decrease occurred at 24 hours whereas in the dermis the maximum increase in CD1 ϩ stained cells was seen at 72 hours. The dermal infiltrate (CD2 ϩ , CD5 ϩ , CD25 ϩ , and CD45 ϩ ) was most dense at 48 hours. Between 8 and 48 hours more CD4 ϩ were present than CD8 ϩ cells, whereas at 72 hours CD4 ϩ and CD8 ϩ cells were similar in numbers. These findings closely resemble changes in human ACD. Therefore, DNFB-induced ACD in Göttingen minipigs is considered to be an appropriate animal model to study immunopathologic mechanisms and pharmacologic intervention.Key words: Allergic contact dermatitis; 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene; Göttingen minipig; histopathology; immunohistochemistry; skin inflammation; swine.Preclinical research in biomedical science uses laboratory animals to profile new compounds for possible uses as drugs. Therefore, laboratory animals serve either as models for the assessment of pharmacodynamic effects or, in advanced stages of drug development, for the identification of untoward effects (toxicities) of drug candidates. Therefore, the results obtained from animal pharmacology or animal toxicology studies should be reliably predictive for the situation in hum...

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“…58 It is licensed as monotherapy in Europe and Brazil, and combined with tretinoin in the United States and Canada. In Brazilian patients, mequinol has been shown to be effective and safe for the treatment of melasma, and to have a low incidence of the side-effects that are commonly associated with the monobenzyl ether of hydroquinone.…”

Section: Mequinolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mequinol is another phenolic derivative and causes less irritation than hydroquinone in animal studies 58 . It is licensed as monotherapy in Europe and Brazil, and combined with tretinoin in the United States and Canada.…”

Section: Topical Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melasma in Latin America: options for therapy and treatment algorithm

Cestari

Arellano

Hexsel

et al. 2009

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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The Yucatan miniature swine as an in vivo model for screening skin depigmentation

Cited by 12 publications

References 11 publications

Skin Whitening Cosmetics: Feedback and Challenges in the Development of Natural Skin Lighteners

Skin Whitening Cosmetics: Feedback and Challenges in the Development of Natural Skin Lighteners

Morphologic and Immunohistochemical Features of Experimentally Induced Allergic Contact Dermatitis in Göttingen Minipigs

Melasma in Latin America: options for therapy and treatment algorithm

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