In this paper, we study the zero-error capacity of channels with memory, which are represented by graphs. We provide a method to construct code for any graph with one edge, thereby determining a lower bound on its zero-error capacity. Moreover, this code can achieve zero-error capacity when the symbols in a vertex with degree one are the same. We further apply our method to the one-edge graphs representing the binary channels with two memories. There are 28 possible graphs, which can be organized into 11 categories based on their symmetries. The code constructed by our method is proved to achieve the zero-error capacity for all these graphs except for the two graphs in Case 11.
Index Termszero-error capacity, graph with one edge, channel with memory However, when m > 1 or |X | > 2, the number of cases will explode dramatically, making it completely impossible to be solved one by one. For example, when m = 1 and |X | = 3, the number of cases is 2 36 ≈ 68 billion. There arises a pressing demand for a generalized result. This paper considers any graph with uv the only edge, where u, v ∈ X m+1 , m ≥ 1 and X is a finite set. This graph is denoted by G(u, v) or G(v, u). We devise a simple method to establish a code for G(u, v), thus obtaining a lower bound on its zero-error capacity. For any graph G with more than one edge, let uv be one of its edges. Note that any code for G(u, v) is also the code for G. Our method is applicable for establishing a code for any non-empty graph, thus obtaining a general lower bound on zero-error capacity.We apply our method to the binary channels with two memories represented by the graphs with only one edge.