Thelytokous Reproduction of Onion Thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman 1889, Infesting Welsh Onion and Genetic Variation among Their Subpopulations

Khan, Falguni; Roy, Miltan Chandra; Kim, Yonggyun

doi:10.3390/insects13010078

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…We found that the main species of thrips that affects onion and its related species is Thrips tabaci , which is in agreement with previous studies [ 5 , 29 , 41 , 42 ]. Other thrips species such as Thrips palmi , Scirtothrips dorsalis , Frankliniella tenuicornis , Frankliniella intonsa , and Frankliniella occidentalis , were present at specific locations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Genetic diversity of thrips populations on Allium species around the world

Porta,

Vosman,

Visser

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Thrips are a serious pest in many crops. In onion cultivation, Thrips tabaci is the most important, but not the only thrips species causing damage. We investigated which thrips species affects onion and related species worldwide, how much genetic variation there is within T. tabaci populations, and how this evolves. Furthermore, we determined the reproductive mode and the correlation between the genetic and geographic distances. Thrips samples from infested onions or related species were obtained from 14 different locations worldwide. Species and haplotypes were determined through DNA barcoding with the mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. Thrips tabaci was the most commonly observed species, but Scirtothrips dorsalis, Thrips palmi, Frankliniella intonsa, Frankliniella occidentalis and Frankliniella tenuicornis were also found, especially at the beginning of the growing seasons and depending on the location. The Nei’s genetic distance within T. tabaci was less than 5% and the haplotypes were clustered into two phylogenetic groups, each linked to a specific mode of reproduction, thelytokous or arrhenotokous. Thelytokous thrips were more common and more widely distributed than arrhenotokous thrips. A high percentage of heteroplasmy was detected in the arrhenotokous group. Heteroplasmic thrips were only found in populations where thelytokous and arrhenotokous were present in sympatry. Some T. tabaci haplotypes were present in high frequency at several sampled locations. No correlation was found between the genetic and geographic distances, which points to anthropic activities spreading thrips haplotypes throughout the world.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Different levels of genetic diversity are reported for T . tabaci populations from different locations or years [ 24 , 41 , 43 , 60 ]. Based on our findings it is clear that the diversity of T .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity of thrips populations on Allium species around the world

Porta,

Vosman,

Visser

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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“…Although all the three T. tabaci forms can coexist in onion and many other Allium host species. Khan et al (2022) reported that all the populations collected from Welsh onions in Korea consisted of thelytokous L2 type. It was also reported that the three T. tabaci forms differ in their virus transmission efficiency and that the T form is the most effective vector of TSWV, while L1 transmitted TSWV inefficiently (Chatzivassiliou et al 2002), while thelytokous populations (L2) did not transmit TSWV (Wijkamp et al 1995, Chatzivassilious et al 2002).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial genetic diversity ofThrips tabaci(Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in onion growing regions of the United States

Iftikhar

Ghosh

Pappu

2023

Journal of Economic Entomology

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Onion thrips (Thrips tabaci Lindeman, Thysanoptera: Thripidae) causes severe damage to many horticultural and agronomic crops worldwide. It also acts as a vector of several plant viruses. T. tabaci is a key pest of Allium cepa in the United States. However, there is limited information available on the genetic variation within and between T. tabaci populations in the United States and its key evolutionary parameters. In the current study, 83 T. tabaci specimens were collected from A. cepa from 15 different locations comprising four states of the United States. A total of 92 mtCOI gene sequences of T. tabaci from A. cepa were analyzed to understand the genetic diversity and structure of T. tabaci collected from onion host. Seven distinct haplotypes of T. tabaci infesting A. cepa were identified from the current collection, while nine T. tabaci sequences retrieved from GenBank comprised 5 haplotypes. Overall, 15 haplotypes of T. tabaci infesting A. cepa were identified in the world that includes the ten haplotypes in the United States. In the phylogenetic analysis, all the populations collected during the study clustered with thelytokous lineage, while T. tabaci sequences retrieved from GenBank corresponded to leek-associated arrhenotokous lineage. The highest genetic variation was found in Elba and Malheur populations with 3 haplotypes identified in each. The results suggest that haplotypes 1 and 7 are more frequently prevailing haplotypes in the north-western United States, with haplotype 1 being the predominant all over the country. The eastern United States appears to have a more diverse group of haplotypes. The populations from Hungary constituted distinct haplotypes and a haplotype from Kingston linked it with the predominant haplotype.

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“…The presence of bacteria was reported to facilitate larval development and increase fecundity [ 28 ]. A similar type of bacteria might be localized in T. tabaci due to the similar life cycle and polyphagous feeding behavior, although T. tabaci , unlike F. occidentalis , is thelytokous (unfertilized diploid eggs becoming females) in the Korean population [ 29 ]. Like F. occidentalis , T. tabaci contained a dominant bacterial species identified as an Erwinia species, but its biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence differed from that of the bacteria present in F. occidentalis [ 30 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pantoea Bacteria Isolated from Three Thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis, Frankliniella intonsa, and Thrips tabaci) in Korea and Their Symbiotic Roles in Host Insect Development

Jin

Kim

2023

J. Microbiol. Biotechnol.

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Gut symbionts play crucial roles in host development by producing nutrients and defending against pathogens. Phloem-feeding insects in particular lack essential nutrients in their diets, and thus, gut symbionts are required for their development. Gram-negative Pantoea spp. are known to be symbiotic to the western flower thrips ( Frankliniella occidentalis ). However, their bacterial characteristics have not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we isolated three different bacteria (BFoK1, BFiK1, and BTtK1) from F. occidentalis , F. intonsa , and T. tabaci . The bacterial isolates of all three species contained Pantoea spp. Their 16S rRNA sequences indicated that BFoK1 and BTtK1 were similar to P. agglomerans , while BFiK1 was similar to P. dispersa . These predictions were supported by the biochemical characteristics assessed by fatty acid composition and organic carbon utilization. In the bacterial morphological analysis, BFoK1 and BTtK1 were distinct from BFiK1. All these bacteria were relatively resistant to tetracycline compared to ampicillin and kanamycin, in which BFoK1 and BTtK1 were different from BFiK1. Feeding ampicillin (100,000 ppm) reduced the bacterial density in thrips and retarded the development of F. occidentalis . The addition of BFoK1 bacteria, however, rescued the retarded development. These findings indicate that Pantoea bacteria are symbionts to different species of thrips.

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Thelytokous Reproduction of Onion Thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman 1889, Infesting Welsh Onion and Genetic Variation among Their Subpopulations

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Genetic diversity of thrips populations on Allium species around the world

Genetic diversity of thrips populations on Allium species around the world

Mitochondrial genetic diversity ofThrips tabaci(Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in onion growing regions of the United States

Pantoea Bacteria Isolated from Three Thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis, Frankliniella intonsa, and Thrips tabaci) in Korea and Their Symbiotic Roles in Host Insect Development

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