Theoretical and experimental investigation of the wet-spinning process for mechanically strong carbon nanotube fibers

Jeong, Hyo Jin; Kim, Seo Gyun; Choi, Gyeong Min; Park, Minji; Ku, Bon‐Cheol; Lee, Heon Sang

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2021.128650

Cited by 40 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The liquid crystalline dopes were prepared using CNTs (98% pure) and extruded through an optimized wet-spinning process using a single spinneret (fig. S1) ( 18 ). Figure 1 shows the distributions (fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrahigh strength, modulus, and conductivity of graphitic fibers by macromolecular coalescence

et al. 2022

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Theoretical considerations suggest that the strength of carbon nanotube (CNT) fibers be exceptional; however, their mechanical performance values are much lower than the theoretical values. To achieve macroscopic fibers with ultrahigh performance, we developed a method to form multidimensional nanostructures by coalescence of individual nanotubes. The highly aligned wet-spun fibers of single- or double-walled nanotube bundles were graphitized to induce nanotube collapse and multi-inner walled structures. These advanced nanostructures formed a network of interconnected, close-packed graphitic domains. Their near-perfect alignment and high longitudinal crystallinity that increased the shear strength between CNTs while retaining notable flexibility. The resulting fibers have an exceptional combination of high tensile strength (6.57 GPa), modulus (629 GPa), thermal conductivity (482 W/m·K), and electrical conductivity (2.2 MS/m), thereby overcoming the limits associated with conventional synthetic fibers.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to remove the amorphous carbon, SWNTs (TUBALL) were treated at 400°C for 1 hour under air atmosphere ( 18 , 38 ). In addition, SWNTs were purified with piranha solution.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrahigh strength, modulus, and conductivity of graphitic fibers by macromolecular coalescence

et al. 2022

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“…However, the mechanical properties of macroscale fibers are typically significantly lower than those of the constituent nanomaterials due to a combination of processing challenges and weak intermolecular interactions. To date, most studies have focused on carbon nanotube (CNT)-based fibers, using both dry and wet spinning methods; − fiber properties have typically been improved by increasing the aspect ratio and alignment of the nanotubes. CNT processing has proven to be particularly challenging given their poor solubility in convenient solvents and tendency to agglomerate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous Binder-Free Fibers of Pure Imogolite Nanotubes

Moore

Paineau

Launois

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Imogolite nanotubes (INTs) display a range of useful properties and provide an ideal material system to study the assembly of nanomaterials into macroscopic fibers. A method of wet spinning pure, binder-free imogolite fibers has been developed using double-walled germanium imogolite nanotubes. The nanotube aspect ratio can be controlled during the initial synthesis and is critical to the spinning process. Fibers made from short nanotubes (<100 nm) have very low gel strengths, while dopes with longer nanotubes (500–1000 nm) are readily spinnable. The tensile behavior of the resulting imogolite nanotube fibers is strongly influenced by relative humidity (RH), with a modulus of 30 GPa at 10% RH compared to 2.8 GPa at 85% RH, as well as a change in failure mode. This result highlights the importance of inter-nanotube interactions in such assemblies and provides a useful strategy for further exploration. Interestingly, in the absence of a matrix phase, a degree of misorientation appears to improve load transfer between the individual INTs within the porous fiber, likely due to an increase in the number of interparticle contacts. Imogolite nanotubes are an appealing analogue to other nanotube fiber systems, and it is hoped that learnings from this system can also be used to improve carbon nanotube fibers.

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“…Another approach is wet-spinning, which can achieve a highly aligned and packed SWCNT fiber structure 6,7 and also can be used for mass production. Since welldispersed SWCNT dope is required, solvents, 14,15 polymers, 16 surfactants, 17,18 and functionalizations [19][20][21] are often involved. While there may be some improvements at mechanical properties, they work as insulators in the materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasticizer for controlling single‐walled carbon nanotube fibers and zincophilic sites of microfiber supercapacitor

Kim

Jin

Lee

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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In the past few decades, single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) fibers have been considered for various applications, from aerospace to electronics including flexible devices. Here, we report an effective way of controlling the viscosity of the liquid crystal SWCNT phases for fiber spinning. By applying Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (THA)-functionalization to single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT_CONH), we enhanced the free volume of individual SWCNTs, which synergistically affected the formation of nematic liquid crystal phases. As a result, we were able to precisely control the viscosity and phase transformation of the nematic liquid crystal phases for fiber spinning. The SWCNT fiber spun from those nematic phases with plasticizer (BP30CONH5; 30 mg/mL of SWCNT_BP with 5 wt% of SWCNT_CONH) exhibited noticeably higher mechanical properties (tensile strength, 1.44 GPa and tensile modulus, 169 GPa) with higher electrical conductivity (1899 S m 2 / kg). These fibers were also exceptionally flexible and showed endurable performance as wearable and flexible electronic electrode devices from welldistributed zincophilic sites (CONH). As an Zn-ion supercapacitor, the SWCNT fiber exhibited linear and volumetric capacitances of 14.33 mF cm À1 and 22.55 F cm À3 at 0.1 mA cm À1 with capacitance retention of 98% after over 30 000 bending tests.

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Theoretical and experimental investigation of the wet-spinning process for mechanically strong carbon nanotube fibers

Cited by 40 publications

References 49 publications

Ultrahigh strength, modulus, and conductivity of graphitic fibers by macromolecular coalescence

Ultrahigh strength, modulus, and conductivity of graphitic fibers by macromolecular coalescence

Continuous Binder-Free Fibers of Pure Imogolite Nanotubes

Plasticizer for controlling single‐walled carbon nanotube fibers and zincophilic sites of microfiber supercapacitor

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