Theory and experiments on the ice–water front propagation in droplets freezing on a subzero surface

Nauenberg, Michael

doi:10.1088/0143-0807/37/4/045102

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Thereafter, the growth rate keeps decreasing until the final stage, during which it climbs up again. This tendency is in accordance with Nauenberg's theory [29].…”

Section: Numerical Problem and Methodssupporting

confidence: 92%

Direct Numerical Study of a Molten Metal Drop Solidifying on a Cold Plate with Different Wettability

Nguyen

Khanh

2018

Metals

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This paper presents a direct numerical simulation of solidification of a molten metal drop on a cold plate with various wettability by an axisymmetric front-tracking method. Because of the plate kept at a temperature below the fusion value of the melt, a thin solid layer forms at the plate and evolves upwards. The numerical results show that the solidifying front is almost flat except near the triple point with a high solidification rate at the beginning and final stages of solidification. Two solid-to-liquid density ratios ρ sl = 0.9 (volume change) and 1.0 (no change in volume), with two growth angles φ 0 = 0 • and 12 • are considered. The presence of volume change and a non-zero growth angle results in a solidified drop with a conical shape at the top. The focusing issue is the effects of the wettability of the plate in terms of the contact angle φ 0 . Increasing the contact angle in the range of 45 • to 120 • increases time for completing solidification, i.e., solidification time. However, it has a minor effect on the conical angle at the top of the solidified drop and the difference between the initial liquid and final solidified heights of the drop. The effects of the density ratio and growth angle are also presented.

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“…Thereafter, the growth rate keeps decreasing until the final stage, during which it climbs up again. This tendency is in accordance with Nauenberg's theory [29].…”

Section: Numerical Problem and Methodssupporting

confidence: 92%

Direct Numerical Study of a Molten Metal Drop Solidifying on a Cold Plate with Different Wettability

Nguyen

Khanh

2018

Metals

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“…Partially frozen equilibrium: A bottom-up freeze front progressed up a bubble at an initial speed of v ~0.1 mm s −1 (Fig. 4b–e); this is similar to equivalent velocity of solidification fronts in water droplets 42 . However, unlike droplets, the freeze front of a bubble came to a complete stop after (10 s), at a location depending on the bubble size and substrate temperature.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 57%

How soap bubbles freeze

et al. 2019

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Droplets or puddles tend to freeze from the propagation of a single freeze front. In contrast, videographers have shown that as soap bubbles freeze, a plethora of growing ice crystals can swirl around in a beautiful effect visually reminiscent of a snow globe. However, the underlying physics of how bubbles freeze has not been studied. Here, we characterize the physics of soap bubbles freezing on an icy substrate and reveal two distinct modes of freezing. The first mode, occurring for isothermally supercooled bubbles, generates a strong Marangoni flow that entrains ice crystals to produce the aforementioned snow globe effect. The second mode occurs when using a cold stage in a warm ambient, resulting in a bottom-up freeze front that eventually halts due to poor conduction along the bubble. Blending experiments, scaling analysis, and numerical methods, the dynamics of the freeze fronts and Marangoni flows are characterized.

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“…Results presented include the volume expansion and freezing time during different ambient conditions. The volume expansion of the droplet results in a pointy tip and has been investigated both experimentally and numerically (e.g., Anderson et al 1996;Enríquez et al 2012;Snoeijer and Brunet 2012;Marín et al 2014;Nauenberg 2014;Schetnikov et al 2015). Anderson et al (1996) studied a freezing droplet using a model that was able to reasonably capture the experimental solidified droplet with the cusp-like tip and inflexion point.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of the internal flow in freezing water droplets on a cold surface

et al. 2019

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The study of a freezing droplet is interesting in areas, where the understanding of build up of ice is important, for example, on wind turbines, airplane wings and roads. In this work, the main focus is to study the internal motion inside freezing water droplets using particle image velocimetry and to reveal if mechanisms such as natural convection and Marangoni convection have a noticeable influence on the flow within the droplet. The flow has successfully been visualized and measured for the first 25% of the total freezing time of the droplet when the velocity in the water is the highest and when the characteristic vortices can be seen. After this initial time period, the high amount of ice in the droplet scatters the PIV light sheet too much and the images retrieved are not suitable for analysis. Initially, it can be seen that the Marangoni effects have a large impact on the internal flow, but after about 15% of the total freezing time, the flow turns indicating increased effects of natural convection on the flow. Shortly after this time, almost no internal flow can be seen.

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Theory and experiments on the ice–water front propagation in droplets freezing on a subzero surface

Cited by 28 publications

References 10 publications

Direct Numerical Study of a Molten Metal Drop Solidifying on a Cold Plate with Different Wettability

Direct Numerical Study of a Molten Metal Drop Solidifying on a Cold Plate with Different Wettability

How soap bubbles freeze

Experimental study of the internal flow in freezing water droplets on a cold surface

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