Theory–Based Predictors of Condom Use among University Students in the United States and South Africa

Abstract

This study compared the predictive value of the theory of planned behavior in university students in South Africa (N = 251) and the United States (N = 160) who completed an anonymous self-administered questionnaire. Multiple regression analyses revealed that condom use and intention were significantly predicted by positive condom attitude, subjective norm, self-efficacy, and attending university in South Africa. Significant interactions between country and predictors indicated that subjective norm predicted condom use and intention more strongly in the American sample than in the South African sample; attitude predicted intention more strongly in the American sample than in the South African sample; but self-efficacy predicted intention more strongly in the South African sample than in the American sample. The theory of planned behavior may provide a useful framework for interventions to reduce South African students' risk of HIV/and sexuality transmitted diseases. Such interventions should especially focus on building self-efficacy to use condoms.

Sexual Communication, Safer Sex Self-Efficacy, and Condom Use Among Young Chinese Migrants in Beijing, China

“…This finding is consistent with previous studies on the relationship between self-efficacy and condom use (e.g., Heeren et al, 2007;Sheeran et al, 1999). Self-efficacy is also found to be a predictor of assertive sexual communication and communication about condom use among the heterosexual migrant sampels and a predictor of all three aspects of sexual communication among the homosexual sample.…”

Self-efficacy, Self-esteem and the Intention to Practice Safe Sex among Batswana Adolescents

“…Other studies identified the self-efficacy variable as an important associate of safe sex intentions and behavior Hendrickx et al, 2008;Heeren et al, 2007). In addition to the majority of previous research, which noted condom efficacy as a good predictor of intention to practice safe sex, the current study revealed that efficacy on limiting partners and abstinence are also good predictors of practicing safe sex.…”

Predictors of Intention to Change HIV Sexual and Injection Risk Behaviors among Heterosexual Methamphetamine-Using Offenders in Drug Treatment: A Test of the AIDS Risk Reduction Model

“…34,51,52 Remember, however, that our application has considered only stages 1 and 2 of the ARRM, and the potential impact of interventions derived from these results relies on an assumption that intentions (and their facilitators such as self-efficacy) are related to actual behavior change as has been supported by several studies, 14,17,[59][60][61][62][63][64] but not as yet among heterosexual MA users. The significance of peer norms in directly or indirectly predicting intentions to change HIV risk behaviors in this population emphasizes the need for strategies to help build facilitating support structures to establish new or modified social networks and for the potential impact of wider social interventions designed to change general attitudes/norms for risk reduction.…”

“…61 Conner et al found that self-efficacy (one of the commitment facilitators) was a predictor of subsequent condom use behavior among offenders in substance abuse treatment. 14 Other examples supporting a relationship (direct or indirect) of self-efficacy with subsequent behavior change include Heeren et al, 62 Naar-King et al, 63 Robertson et al, 64 and Sanderson and Yopyk. 61 The treatment milieu is an optimal setting for the efficacious and cost efficient delivery of HIV prevention protocols targeting sexual and injection risk behavior among MA users.…”