Theory of angle-resolved photoemission extended fine structure

Barton, J. J.; Robey, S. W.; Shirley, D. A.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.34.778

Cited by 104 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…l l K b~t w o odor, an electron intensity peak along interatomic axes describes qualitatively the observed photoelectron nbrma~ emission intensity. Indeed, the Cu 3p photoelectron ADP at 56.6 eV is well described by a comprehensive multiple-scattering, spherical-wave simulation of the electron distribution (10). Similarly, the Auger electron ADP at 59 eV ( Fig.…”

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confidence: 95%

Auger Electron Angular Distributions from Surfaces: Direct Comparison with Isoenergetic Photoelectrons

Terminello

Barton

1991

Science

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Angular distribution patterns of Auger electrons and of photoelectrons from a Cu (001) surface were measured at the same electron kinetic energy. These measurements reveal that the low kinetic energy angular distributions for Cu Auger electrons and Cu 3p(3/2) photoelectrons differ substantially. This direct comparison between the photoelectron and Auger electron angular distributions demonstrates that, in some circumstances, the Auger process produces a complicated source wave whose nature must be explored before Auger angular distributions can be used for surface structure analysis.

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confidence: 95%

Auger Electron Angular Distributions from Surfaces: Direct Comparison with Isoenergetic Photoelectrons

Terminello

Barton

1991

Science

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“…The twin images are well understood, and in Chapter 3 it is shown how they may be eliminated [25]. Elongation of the atomic images in the zdirection is expected, as a simple diffraction limit imposed in that direction by the geometry of the collection angle, combined with a single photon energy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results reported in this chapter were derived from a single-energy data set, at a kinetic energy of 351 eV. Chapter 3 will be based on the analyses of multiple-wavenumber data sets [25].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sample preparation was straightforward, the scattering characteristics of platinum were ideal, the bulk structure was well known from x-ray diffraction work, and the hexagonally closed packed atomic arrangement offered three uniquely different atomic arrangements in each layer for depth and imaging studies. For this project, the first step was to verify the success of the technique at a single wavenumber [2], and the second was to show the successful application of the multiple-wavenumber analysis [25] to the same system. Once the method for applying the technique was established, it was important to verify the work with a second simple system, the (001) surface of copper.…”

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Photoelectron holography applied to surface structural determination

Petersen¹

1995

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DISCLAIMERA platinum (1 11) clean metal surface is used as a model system to experimentally verify the technique. A pattern measured at k = 9.68,-1 (351 eV electron kinetic energy) is used to generate a full three-dimensional image of atom locations around an emitter with nearest neighbors within 0.18, of the expected bulk positions. Atoms several layers beyond the nearest neighbors are also apparent. Twin-image reduction and artifact suppression is obtained by phase-summing eight patterns measured from k = 8.8 to 10.28,-1(295 to 396 eV). In total, thirty-two patterns were measured in 0.2A-1 steps from k = 6.0 to 12.281-1 (137 to 567 eV) and are presented here.Simple models of two-slit interference are compared with the electron scattering process to illuminate our understanding of the holographic recording of the structural 1 information. This view also shows why the technique occasionally fails due to destructive interferences. Simple theoretical models of electron scattering are compared to the experimental data to show the origin of the structural information and the differences that result from the atomic scattering process and from the nature of the source wave. Experimental parameters and their relationship to imaging is discussed. A detailed comparison is made to the platinum pattern measured at 351 eV using the simple theoretical model. The remaining data set is also modeled, and the eight appropriate theoretical patterns are used to regenerate the multiple-wavenumber experimental result.A second metal system of a clean Cu (001) surface is also measured and imaged using the same technique. Using the copper system as an example, a study is done to show how this type of holography can have a tendency to favor the imaging of forward scattering atoms. This confinns the ability of the technique to be used in buried overlayer or interface studies, in addition to overlayer and bulk systems. DedicationThis dissertation is dedicated to my parents, Nene M. and Gary A. Petersen, for their endless love, patience, and support.... Effect of the source wave in the near and far field regions. is based on a holographic interpretation of angle-dependent oscillations in the partial cross section for core-level photoemission from a single crystal system. These oscillations are superimposed upon an atomic-like background and observed with an energy selective electron spectrometer over the kinetic energy range of 100 to 600 eV. 111Following appropriate data analysis and reduction, full three-dimensional angstromresolution images of the positions of neighboring atoms near surfaces may be obtained for the direct elucidation of true local geometry around the emitting atom. This work will present an example of photoelectron holography applied to a model system, the (1 11) surface of platinum, in both single and multiple-wavenumber cases. The result will be compared to the simplest models of electron interference and scattering in order to assess the practical applicability of the method, as well as its limitations. ...

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“…The simplest case, in which only the g121,m,(R) with m, = 0 are used, is realized in the SSCA and the MSSCA. For the MSSCA one obtains from (8) and (9) dm,,o.…”

Section: Hankel Functions [13]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Approximations for the Scattering of Excited Electrons in Solids

Fritzsche¹

1988

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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The errors of several approximations for photoelectron scattering are systematically studied as a function of the electron energy in the range from 10 to lo00 eV. The accuracy of the approximations does not improve with rising energy, as it was commonly supposed. The errors increase considerably with the angular momentum of the incident wave. The large discrepancies of the small-scattering-centre approximation (SSCA) are substantially reduced by means of effective scattering amplitudes in the modified small-scattering-centre approximation (MSSCA). Above all the reduced angular momentum expansion (RAME) has such a high degree of accuracy that allows reliable calculations of multiple-scattering contributions for all purposes. Both the MSSCA and the RAME are further simplified in order to facilitate applications. Die Fehler verschiedener Niiherungen fur die Streuung von Photoelektronen werden systematisch als Funktion der Elektronenenergie imBereich von 10 bis lo00 eV untersucht. Die Genauigkeit der Niiherungen verbessert sich nicht mit steigender Energie, wie es allgemein angenommen wurde. Die Fehler wachsen betriichtlich mit dem Drehimpuls der einfallenden Welle an. Die groBen Ungenauigkeiten der Naherung kleiner Streuzentren (SSCA) werden durch effektive Streuamplituden in der modifizierten Nlherung kleiner Streuzentren (MSSCA) wesentlich verringert. Vor allem die reduzierte Drehimpulsentwicklung (RAME) besitzt solch einen hohen Genauigkeitsgrad, der eine zuverliissige Berechnung von Vielfachstreubeitriigen fur alle Zwecke erlaubt. Somohl die MSSCA als auch die RAME werden weiter vereinfacht, um Anwendungen zu erleichtern.

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Theory of angle-resolved photoemission extended fine structure

Cited by 104 publications

References 38 publications

Auger Electron Angular Distributions from Surfaces: Direct Comparison with Isoenergetic Photoelectrons

Auger Electron Angular Distributions from Surfaces: Direct Comparison with Isoenergetic Photoelectrons

Photoelectron holography applied to surface structural determination

Approximations for the Scattering of Excited Electrons in Solids

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