Therapeutic Effect of Amygdalin on Acetic Acid-induced Colitis in Rats: Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Study

Elbastawisy, Yasser M.; Mohamed, H.E. Syed

doi:10.21608/eajbsd.2022.216580

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…These underlying mechanisms result in pathological features of UC including macroscopic damage such as swelling, edema, erosion, and bleeding and microscopic alterations such as cellular infiltration, and necrosis of the colon ultimately resulting in the clinical course of the disease ( Wu et al, 2022 ). Clinically, this disease is presented by abdominal pain, diarrhea, melena, weight loss and in complicated cases it can take transformation into carcinoma of colon ( Elbastawisy et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-ulcerative colitis effects of chemically characterized extracts from Calliandra haematocephala in acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis

Rehman,

Saleem,

Raza

et al. 2024

Front. Chem.

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Background: Ulcerative colitis is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory bowel disease that involves inflammation and ulcers of the colon and rectum. To date, no definite cure for this disease is available.Objective: The objective of the current study was to assess the effect of Calliandra haematocephala on inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress markers for the exploration of its anti-ulcerative colitis activity in rat models of acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis.Methods: Methanolic and n-hexane extracts of areal parts of the plant were prepared by cold extraction method. Phytochemical analysis of both extracts was performed by qualitative analysis, quantitative methods, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Prednisone at 2 mg/kg dose and plant extracts at 250, 500, and 750 mg/kg doses were given to Wistar rats for 11 days, which were given acetic acid on 8th day through the trans-rectal route for the induction of ulcerative colitis. A comparison of treatment groups was done with a normal control group and a colitis control group. To evaluate the anti-ulcerative colitis activity of Calliandra haematocephala, different parameters such as colon macroscopic damage, ulcer index, oxidative stress markers, histopathological examination, and mRNA expression of pro and anti-inflammatory mediators were evaluated. mRNA expression analysis was carried out by reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).Results: The phytochemical evaluation revealed polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and sterols in both extracts of the plant. Results of the present study exhibited that both extracts attenuated the large bowel inflammation and prevented colon ulceration at all tested doses. Macroscopic damage and ulcer scoreswere significantly decreased by both extracts. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and nitrite/nitrate concentrations in colon tissues were returned to normal levels while superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was significantly improved by all doses. Histopathological examination exhibited that both extracts prevented the inflammatory changes, cellular infiltration, and colon thickening. Gene expression analysis by RT-qPCR revealed the downregulation of pro-inflammatory markers such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) whereas the anti-inflammatory cytokines including Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) were found to be upregulated in treated rats.Conclusion: It was concluded based on study outcomes that methanolic and n-hexane extracts of Calliandra haematocephala exhibited anti-ulcerative colitis activity through modulation of antioxidant defense mechanisms and the immune system. In this context, C. haematocephala can be considered as a potential therapeutic approach for cure of ulcerative colitis after bioassay-directed isolation of bioactive phytochemicals and clinical evaluation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-ulcerative colitis effects of chemically characterized extracts from Calliandra haematocephala in acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis

Rehman,

Saleem,

Raza

et al. 2024

Front. Chem.

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Investigating the Protective Role of Rhodanese Enzyme against Cyanide, the Cytotoxic by-product of Amygdalin, in HDF and L929 Cell Lines

Alwan

Afshari

2023

LDDD

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Introduction: Amygdalin (AMG) is a plant-based agent that has many therapeutic applications. Metabolism of this herbal remedy may cause cytotoxicity in cells. Objective: In this study, the role of rhodanese (RH) enzyme against the cyanide of amygdalin has been investigated in human and mouse cell lines in vitro Method: : We analyzed the cytotoxicity, morphologic changes, apoptotic effects, and gene expression alterations resulting from treatment with AMG and AMG combined with RH (AMG-RH) in mouse fibroblasts (L929) and human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) cell lines. Result: The lowest half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were 87.95±3.63 mg/ml and 80.82±2.13 mg/ml at 72 h in both cell lines. Cell viability of both cell lines was significantly decreased after AMG treatment; however, it increased following treatment with AMG-RH for 24, 48, and 72 h. Morphological changes were observed in both cell lines after AMG treatment for 72 h. AMG-RH combination did not cause any significant morphological alterations in either cell line. Conclusion: The apoptosis rates were increased in both cell lines treated with AMG and decreased in AMG-RH treatment for 72 h. BAX, CASP-3, BCL-2, and TST genes were upregulated after treatment with AMG for 72 h in both cell lines. BCL-2 and TST genes were upregulated, while BAX and CASP3 were downregulated after treatment with AMG-RH for 72 h. The findings of this study indicate the IC50 dose of AMG could cause cytotoxicity in HDF and L929 cell lines. Furthermore, it was found that the RH enzyme could decrease AMG cytotoxicity and might have a protective role against AMG.

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Therapeutic Effect of Amygdalin on Acetic Acid-induced Colitis in Rats: Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Study

Cited by 2 publications

References 10 publications

Anti-ulcerative colitis effects of chemically characterized extracts from Calliandra haematocephala in acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis

Anti-ulcerative colitis effects of chemically characterized extracts from Calliandra haematocephala in acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis

Investigating the Protective Role of Rhodanese Enzyme against Cyanide, the Cytotoxic by-product of Amygdalin, in HDF and L929 Cell Lines

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