Therapeutic Effects of Allium sativum and Allium cepa in Schistosoma mansoni experimental infection

Mantawy, Mona M.; Ali, Hanan F.; Rizk, Maha Z.

doi:10.1590/s0036-46652011000300007

Cited by 65 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…IL-2 supports the growth and expansion of B cells, as well as other immune cells, such as T cells, at varying stages of development or activation (46). In the present study, LEVA induced-IL-2 expression as it stimulated the immune system towards a type 1 response, and GO downregulated the expression of IL-2, which is consistent with its lowering effects on serum Ig and cytokine levels, and is in accordance with previously reported data when both LEVA and GO are administered (47).…”

Section: A B C D E F G H I Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Modulatory effects of levamisole and garlic oil on the immune response of Wistar rats: Biochemical, immunohistochemical, molecular and immunological study

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Levamisole (LEVA) and garlic are prevalent immunomodulators in humans and animals. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the immunomodulatory effects of LEVA and garlic oil (GO) alone or in combination on the immune response of Wistar rats. A total of 24 male Wistar rats were allocated into four equal groups: Control group, which was given ad libitum access to food and water; and groups 2-4, which were orally administered LEVA [2.5 mg/kg body weight (BW) every 2 days], GO, (5 ml/kg BW daily), or LEVA plus GO, respectively for 4 consecutive weeks. Serum immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgM levels were measured using a radial immunodiffusion assay. Serum cytokine levels, including interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-5 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Total blood counts were measured automatically using a cell counter. Serum lysozyme enzymatic activity was determined by measuring the diameters of the zones of clearance relative to lysozyme. Immunohistochemical detection of CD4 and CD8 was carried out using the streptavidin-biotinperoxidase method. Furthermore, the mRNA expression levels of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-12 were measured in the leukocytes and thymus gland by semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results revealed that LEVA increased serum levels of IFN-γ, IL-5 and TNF-α cytokines, whereas co-administration of LEVA and GO decreased the stimulatory action of LEVA alone. LEVA and GO alone increased the serum levels of IgG, IgM and total blood cell counts, and co-administration of GO and LEVA inhibited the effects of LEVA. At the cellular level, in the spleen, LEVA increased immunoreactivity of CD4 and CD8, whereas co-administration of GO with LEVA decreased this strong expression. At the molecular level, in leukocytes, LEVA upregulated the mRNA expression levels of IL-2, IL-4 and IL-5, whereas GO alone downregulated mRNA expression. Co-administration of GO with LEVA inhibited the LEVA-induced upregulation of IL-2, IL-4 and IL-5 mRNA expression. In the thymus, both LEVA and GO upregulated the mRNA expression levels of IL-4 and IL-5, whereas LEVA alone did not affect IL-12 mRNA expression. Co-administration of GO with LEVA inhibited LEVA-induced upregulation of IL-4 and GO-induced upregulation of IL-12 expression, and had an additive upregulatory effect on IL-5 expression. In conclusion, LEVA stimulated T-helper (Th)1 cytokines, whereas GO stimulated a Th2 response, and co-administration of GO with LEVA inhibited the stimulatory effects of LEVA and balanced the Th1/Th2 response.

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Section: A B C D E F G H I Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Modulatory effects of levamisole and garlic oil on the immune response of Wistar rats: Biochemical, immunohistochemical, molecular and immunological study

et al. 2016

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“…In consistence with our results Balkwill (2009); Mantawy et al (2011) reported that TNF-α is a proinflammatory cytokine activates signal transduction pathways, leads to apoptosis, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, cellular senescence, DNA damage and increase the metastatic potential of tumors in animal models reflect its higher significant increase at 16 and 18 weeks p.i. In general, constitutive exposure to high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines is thought to be protumorigenic.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and L-Fucose as Indispensable Participants in Schistosomiasis-Associated Colonic Dysplasia

Soliman¹,

Keshk²,

Shoheib³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Background: Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease causing chronic ill health in humans with a serious consequences for socio-economic development in tropical and subtropical regions. There is also evidence linking Schistosoma mansoni to colonic carcinoma occurrence. The aim of this study was to evaluate some inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers, as well as L-fucose as linkers between intestinal schistosomiasis and colonic dysplasia development in mice. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted upon 80 mice that were divided the control group (10 non infected mice) and infected group which was subdivided into 7 sub-groups (10 mice each) according to the time of sacrifaction in the post infection (p.i.) period, 10 mice being sacrificed every two weeks from 6 weeks p.i. to 18 weeks p.i. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and pentraxin 3 (PTX3) levels were estimated by immunoassay. The L-fucose level, and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities were also evaluated in colonic tissue. Results: The current study revealed statistically significant elevation in the studied biochemical markers especially at 16 and 18 weeks p.i. The results were confirmed by histopathological examination that revealed atypical architectural and cytological changes in the form of epithelial surface serration and nuclear hyper-chromatizia at 14, 16 and 18 weeks p.i. Conclusions: inflammation, oxidative stress and L-fucose together may form an important link between Schistosomal mansoni infection and colonic dysplasia and they can be new tools for prediction of colonic dysplasia development in experimental schistosomiasis.

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“…However, there should be numerous possibilities responsible for the reduction of eggs. The mentioned factors may be responsible for diminishing fecundity of the worm pairs and cause an increase in the rate of egg excretion according to the worm pairs (Mantawy et al, 2011). As displayed in Figure 1, the number of total worms including male and female worms were decreased in infected mice treated with AGE+ GOE (1015 ± 1.41) compared to infected untreated mice (1502 ± 2.13) notably.…”

Section: In Vivo Studiesmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…As displayed in Figure 1, the number of total worms including male and female worms were decreased in infected mice treated with AGE+ GOE (1015 ± 1.41) compared to infected untreated mice (1502 ± 2.13) notably. It was also reported that, the more immunoglobulins elevated there were, the more reactive oxygen was decreased in treatment of schistosomiasis, therefore, this mechanism can be happened through antioxidants defenses from infected hepatic cells increasing constant oxidative stress and oxidation of lipids, protein and other macromolecules such as DNA (Mantawy et al, 2011). Anemia was observed due to a strong decrease in the level of Hb percentage in infected untreated mice (7.6 ± 0.3, P≤0.05) compared to non-infected untreated mice (11.2 ± 0.2, P≥0.05) therefore it decreased the number of RBCs, Group VI treated with 125 mg kg1 of AGE (8.5 ± 0.4, P<0.001) showed the highest amount of WBCs compared to non-infected group, besides, the number of PVC was also decreased in untreated infected mice (33.54 ± 0.1, P≤0.01) in comparison with non-infected untreated mice (41.36 ± 0.6, P≥0.05).…”

Section: In Vivo Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination and Comparison of In Vitro Radical Scavenging Activity of Both Garlic Oil and Aqueous Garlic Extracts and Their In Vivo Antioxidant Effect on Schistosomiasis Disease in Mice

Sadrefozalayi

Aslanıpour

Alan

et al. 2018

Turkish JAF Sci.Tech.

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Garlic has long been utilizing as a folk remedy for various diseases. In this study, the effect of aqueous garlic extract (AGE) (125 mg kg -1 ), garlic oil extract (GOE) (125 mg kg -1 ), and the combination of both extracts (AGE+GOE) (62.5 from each) was studied over a parasitic disease namely schistosomiasis. Determination of some radical scavenging activities including Ferric Reducing Ability Power, Hydrogen peroxide, DPPH and nitric oxide radical scavenging activities were studied. The antioxidant properties of the mentioned extracts on both normal and Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice was also studied. The liver tissues were analyzed for the level of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) known as biomarkers for oxidative and reducing status, respectively. The results showed that almost all tested extracts showed high effect of radical scavenging activity. Furthermore, remarkable decrease in worms and tissue eggs were analyzed in all tested extracts as AGE+ GOE (1015 ± 1.41) represented higher level of prohibition in total number of worms and eggs compared to infected untreated mice (1502 ± 2.13). The garlic extracts were potent antioxidants with slight differences.

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Therapeutic Effects of Allium sativum and Allium cepa in Schistosoma mansoni experimental infection

Cited by 65 publications

References 36 publications

Modulatory effects of levamisole and garlic oil on the immune response of Wistar rats: Biochemical, immunohistochemical, molecular and immunological study

Modulatory effects of levamisole and garlic oil on the immune response of Wistar rats: Biochemical, immunohistochemical, molecular and immunological study

Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and L-Fucose as Indispensable Participants in Schistosomiasis-Associated Colonic Dysplasia

Determination and Comparison of In Vitro Radical Scavenging Activity of Both Garlic Oil and Aqueous Garlic Extracts and Their In Vivo Antioxidant Effect on Schistosomiasis Disease in Mice

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