Therapeutic efficacy of coriander (Coriandrum sativum) enriched diets in Oreochromis niloticus: effect on hepatic-renal functions, the antioxidant-immune response and resistance to Aeromonas veronii

Abstract

In this study, the effects of Coriandrum sativum to control Aeromonas veronii infection in Oreochromis niloticus were determined. Coriandrum sativum extract (CE) was tested in vitro against A. veronii by the disc diffusion assay. In in vivo, 150 O. niloticus (from El-Abbassa, Sharkia, Egypt, weighing 34.95 ± 1.98 g) was distributed in five groups (with three replications) in glass aquariums (80 × 40 × 30 cm). The first group (control) was intraperitoneally injected with 0.2 ml of sterilized tryptic soya broth. Groups 2–5 were intraperitoneally challenged with 0.2 ml of A. veronii (4.3 × 106). The five groups were administered a basal diet until clinical signs appeared, and then therapeutic feeding (15 days) was followed: the first (CONT) and second (AV) groups were administered a normal basal diet. The third (AV+CP) and fourth (AV+CE) groups were administered diets supplemented with C. sativum powder and extract, respectively, each at 30 mg/kg. The fifth group (AV+OT) was administered a diet supplemented with oxytetracycline at 500 mg/kg diet. The results of the in vitro experiment revealed that CE has a zone of inhibition of 43 mm against A. veronii. The in vivo results showed that fish administered a therapeutic diet supplemented with CE showed a significant improvement in hematological, biochemical, and immunological parameters, as well as antioxidant capacity (P < 0.05) and the pathological findings of the liver and kidney tissues. The current findings supported that the administration of a CE-enriched diet (30 mg/kg) is an eco-friendly strategy for controlling A. veronii in O. niloticus.

Silica nanoparticles alleviate the immunosuppression, oxidative stress, biochemical, behavioral, and histopathological alterations induced by Aeromonas veronii infection in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

“…It could be dominated by the pathogenicity of A. veronii and secretion of enterotoxins, which depress the capacity of phagocytes to exert their activity on engulfing bacterium and, accordingly, suppress the immune system as documented by Arslan and Küçüksari ( 2015 ). In line with Said et al ( 2023 ), A. veronii suppressed the immune response of Nile tilapia by inducing a clear reduction in nitric oxide and LYZ activity. Furthermore, Reyes-Becerril et al ( 2015 ) mentioned that A. veronii is a pathogenic species to the Pacific red snapper ( Lutjanus peru ) by inducing a state of immune depression.…”

“…Another document verified virulence factors for A. veronii , including outer membrane proteins, proteases, toxins, secretory enzymes, and hemolytic and cytotoxic activities (Chen et al 2019 ). Likewise, a recent study by Said et al ( 2023 ) found that the infection of Nile tilapia in A. veronii resulted in equilibrium loss, hemorrhagic spots, loss of the scales, and fin rot.…”

“…Concurrently, Adhikary et al ( 2023 ) reported severe histopathological changes in the liver, kidneys, and gills of the Indian major carp ( Cirrhinus mrigala ) post-exposure to A. veronii infection. Likely, Said et al ( 2023 ) revealed that A. veronii negatively interfered with hepato-renal functions, indicated by elevated levels of ALT, ALP, creatinine, and urea in Nile tilapia as well as clear histopathological lesions in kidneys and liver tissues.…”

The contribution of Coriandrum sativum in enhancing Oreochromis niloticus rearing at sub-optimal temperatures: effect on growth, health status, survival rate, and resistance to Aeromons Veronii

“…Similar to this, O. mykiss fed on a diet supplemented with CE at 2% and challenged with Y. ruckeri exhibited the lowest mortality rate (40%), compared to the control group (60%) [ 31 ]. Linalool and other bioactive components, which can destroy the bacterial cell membrane and result in cell death, may be responsible for the antibacterial effect of CE and the enhancement of survival rates [ 32 , 84 ]. In addition, the foregoing results in the current study indicated an enhancement in the antioxidant capacity and immune status of fish fed on diets enriched with CE, so they were more resistant to A. veronii infection.…”

“…Recent studies have shown that a coriander-enriched diet has an improving effect on fish growth performance and protects them from a variety of pathogenic bacteria [ 29 – 31 ]. Furthermore, coriander-enriched diets therapeutic effectiveness against A. veronii was also proven [ 32 ]. As well, it acts as an antidote to some heavy metal toxicity [ 33 , 34 ].…”