Therapie autonomer Dysfunktion bei Patienten mit extrapyramidalen Erkrankungen

Abstract

Although extrapyramidal diseases are commonly thought to solely affect the (extrapyramidal) motor system, non-motor symptoms such as behavioural abnormalities, dysautonomia, sleep disturbances and sensory dysfunctions are also frequently observed. Autonomic dysfunction as an important clinical component of extrapyramidal disease (idiopathic Parkinson's disease, multiple system atrophy, progressive supranuclear palsy, dementia with Lewy bodies) is often not formally assessed and thus frequently misdiagnosed. Symptoms of autonomic dysfunction in general impact more on quality of life than motor symptoms. Appropriate symptom-oriented diagnosis and symptomatic treatment as part of an interdisciplinary approach can provide a great benefit for the patient. Unfortunately, double-blind, randomised, controlled studies are scarce with the consequence that most recommendations are not based on the highest level of evidence. This review presents a limited overview on the treatment of cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, urogenital and sudomotor autonomic dysfunctions in various extrapyramidal syndromes.

Evidence-based treatment of neurogenic orthostatic hypotension and related symptoms

“…Hypertensive BP fluctuations in the supine position are a common problem in patients with cardiovascular autonomic failure and limit management of nOH. Patients taking any anti-hypotensive medication should be educated to avoid the recumbent position during daytime (Friedrich et al 2010 ) and sleep with a head-up position overnight (Ten Harkel et al 1992 ). All anti-hypotensive agents should not be taken < 4 h before bedtime and BP in the supine position should be monitored regularly.…”