Thermal analysis of blood flow of Newtonian, pseudo-plastic, and dilatant fluids through an inclined wavy channel due to metachronal wave of cilia

Abstract

This paper is organized to study the heat and mass transfer analyses by considering the motion of cilia for Newtonian, Pseudo-plastic, and Dilatant fluids through a horizontally inclined channel in the presence of metachronal waves and variable liquid properties. A non-Newtonian Rabinowitsch model is used to study the flow of peristalsis through ciliated walls. The slip and convective boundary conditions at the channel walls are taken into account. The mathematical model is developed in the form of complex nonlinear partial differential equations then transformed into simplified form by using the definition of low-Reynolds number with lubrication theory. The analytical solution is obtained by using the perturbation method due to its low computational cost and good accuracy. The graphical outcome is based on the behavior of certain physical parameters on velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles for all three types of fluid. A symbolic software named MATHEMATICA 12.0 is used to find the analytical expression and construct the graphical behavior of all profiles that are taken under discussion. The important results in this study depict that the velocity profile tends to increase in the central region of the channel for Newtonian and Pseudo-plastic fluids and decreases for Dilatant fluid while a reverse behavior is observed near the channel walls. A smaller wavelength causes the wavenumber to accelerate and it tends to decelerate for a larger wavelength. The current study will help to understand the use of the complex rheological behavior of biological fluids in engineering and medical science.

Biological flow of thermally intense cilia generated motion of non-Newtonian fluid in a curved channel

“…Shaheen et al 7 studied a case of heat transmission in a Williamson fluid flow through a ciliated porous channel with semi numerical approach. More significant applications of fluid flow based on ciliary motion can be seen in Sadaf and Nadeem, 8 Krishna et al, 9 Javid et al, 10 and Al-Zubaidi et al 11 The study of non-Newtonian fluids has gained great importance mainly due to their huge range of practical application in engineering and industry. Numerous research workers have studied diverse flow problem related to several non-Newtonian fluids.…”

“…Shaheen et al 7 studied a case of heat transmission in a Williamson fluid flow through a ciliated porous channel with semi numerical approach. More significant applications of fluid flow based on ciliary motion can be seen in Sadaf and Nadeem, 8 Krishna et al, 9 Javid et al, 10 and Al-Zubaidi et al 11…”

Insight in Thermally Radiative Cilia-Driven Flow of Electrically Conducting Non-Newtonian Jeffrey Fluid under the Influence of Induced Magnetic Field

“…Butt et al [21] investigated heat transport effects in a ciliated circular tube using the PTT (Phan-Thien-Tanner) fluid model. Abdou Al-Zubaidi et al [22] studied the heat analysis of blood flow by taking into account the cilia movement of Newtonian, dilatant, and pseudo-plastic fluids in a horizontal inclined channel in front of metachronal waves and achieved the analytical solution. McCash et al [23] studied the effects of a heated viscous Newtonian fluid on peristaltic flow through a ciliated elliptic conduit.…”

Impact of slip boundary conditions, magnetic force, and porous medium on blood flow of Jeffrey fluid

“…Hussain et al [3] explored the peristaltic flow under the effect of radiative heat and mass transportation using a hydrodynamic fluid in the presence of the porous medium. Likewise, recently many other researchers also investigated the flow of peristalsis through different fluids that can be observed via references [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”