Thermal and cost assessment of various polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film smart windows for energy efficient buildings

Shaik, Saboor; Gorantla, Kirankumar; Maduru, Venkata Ramana; Mishra, Shantiswaroop; Kulkarni, Kishor S.

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120155

Cited by 64 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The energy consumption was studied for buildings of various glazing materials such as single pane, double low-E glazing, and photovoltaic windows in Malaysia [5]. Thermal analysis was carried out with smart switchable glazing systems such as PDLCs [6], SPDs, and evacuated glazing [7] for energy savings; in addition to that, effect of sky condition on transmittance was explored [8][9][10][11]. The solar spectrum characteristics of glasses have been altered to study heat transfer through Single Low-E and Double Low-E windows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Savings and Carbon Emission Mitigation Prospective of Building’s Glazing Variety, Window-to-Wall Ratio and Wall Thickness

et al. 2021

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Strategic selection of glazing, its window-to-wall ratio, and wall thickness of building reduce the energy consumption in the built environment. This paper presents the experimental results of solar optical properties of five glasses: clear, tinted bronze, tinted green, bronze reflective, and polymer dispersed liquid crystal glasses. Laterite room models were modeled with four different thicknesses and four different glasses using Design Builder, and thermal simulation tests were carried out using Energy Plus. The energy savings and carbon emission mitigation prospective of a building’s glazing variety, window-to-wall ratio (WWR), and wall thickness were investigated. The results revealed that among the five window glasses studied, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal glazing window (PDLCGW) was found to be the most energy-efficient for low heat gain in laterite rooms. The laterite room with 0.23 m wall thickness and 40% PDLCGW WWR reduced 18.9% heat gain in comparison with the laterite room with 0.23 m wall thickness and 40% clear glass WWR. The laterite room of 0.23 m wall thickness with PDLCGW glazing of 40% WWR enhanced cooling cost savings up to USD 31.9 compared to the laterite room of 0.08 m wall thickness with 40% PDLCGW. The laterite room of 0.23 m wall thickness with PDLCGW glazing of 40% WWR also showed improved carbon mitigation of 516 kg of CO2/year compared to the 0.23 m wall thickness laterite room of 40% WWR with clear glass glazing. The results also showed that the laterite room with 0.23 m wall thickness and 100% clear glass WWR increased heat gain by 28.2% in comparison with the laterite room with 0.23 m wall thickness and 20% clear glass WWR. The results of this article are essential for the strategic design of buildings for energy saving and emission reduction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Savings and Carbon Emission Mitigation Prospective of Building’s Glazing Variety, Window-to-Wall Ratio and Wall Thickness

et al. 2021

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“…When the ordinary refractive index of the LC matches that of the polymer matrix, the incident light can transmit and the film turns transparent. Due to the unique electro‐optical property, PDLC films possess great application prospects such as the large‐scale flexible display devices, nonlinear optical materials, smart home equipment, 2D and 3D conversion films, LC gratings, optical switches, optical concentrators and electrically‐controlled color filters 3–11 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the unique electrooptical property, PDLC films possess great application prospects such as the large-scale flexible display devices, nonlinear optical materials, smart home equipment, 2D and 3D conversion films, LC gratings, optical switches, optical concentrators and electrically-controlled color filters. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] The performance of PDLC films is often evaluated by electrooptical parameters, which mainly include driving voltage, contrast ratio (CR) and response time. 12 These parameters are affected by the physical properties of LC, the structures of monomers, and the morphology of the polymer network.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of terpene alcohol dopant on the morphology and electro‐optical properties of polymer‐dispersed liquid‐crystal composite films

Huang

Ren

et al. 2021

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Terpenes are a large class of hydrocarbon compounds derived from isoprene, which can be produced by plants or emitted by insects. Terpene alcohols contain double bonds that may affect the addition polymerization, and hydroxyl groups that can promote the network crosslinking density during the formation of polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal (PDLC) composite films. In this work, effects of different terpene alcohol dopant on the morphology and electro-optical properties of PDLC films are systematically investigated. It is found that the appropriate dopant amount of geraniol (GOL) has the superior effect to improve the electro-optical performance. The optimum addition amount is at 3 wt%, where the transmittance vs. voltage curve gets steeper, the driving voltage of PDLC film reduces from 74 to 32 V and meanwhile the contrast ratio maintains at a relatively high level (123). Thus, this work not only broadens the application scope of the natural spices but also provides a new strategy to reduce the driving voltage of PDLC films for practical applications.

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“…AC powered smart windows include SPD, LC, and polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC). DC-powered smart windows consist mainly of EC types [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Firl ąg et al conducted a study and analyzed the impacts of control algorithms for dynamic windows on energy savings and shade operations. They reported that site energy savings could be significant and reach as high as 13.0%, that is, a reduction in source energy up to 21.6%, with most of the savings due to thermal cooling reduction [23] for a typical residential dwelling. However, this technology is mostly analyzed and implemented subject to control strategies for the commercial buildings [24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Control Strategies for Switchable Transparent Insulation Systems Applied to Smart Windows for US Residential Buildings

Dabbagh

Krarti

2021

Energies

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This paper evaluates the potential energy use and peak demand savings associated with optimal controls of switchable transparent insulation systems (STIS) applied to smart windows for US residential buildings. The optimal controls are developed based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) to identify the automatic settings of the dynamic shades. First, switchable insulation systems and their operation mechanisms are briefly described when combined with smart windows. Then, the GA-based optimization approach is outlined to operate switchable insulation systems applied to windows for a prototypical US residential building. The optimized controls are implemented to reduce heating and cooling energy end-uses for a house located four US locations, during three representative days of swing, summer, and winter seasons. The performance of optimal controller is compared to that obtained using simplified rule-based control sets to operate the dynamic insulation systems. The analysis results indicate that optimized controls of STISs can save up to 81.8% in daily thermal loads compared to the simplified rule-set especially when dwellings are located in hot climates such as that of Phoenix, AZ. Moreover, optimally controlled STISs can reduce electrical peak demand by up to 49.8% compared to the simplified rule-set, indicating significant energy efficiency and demand response potentials of the SIS technology when applied to US residential buildings.

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Thermal and cost assessment of various polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film smart windows for energy efficient buildings

Cited by 64 publications

References 38 publications

Energy Savings and Carbon Emission Mitigation Prospective of Building’s Glazing Variety, Window-to-Wall Ratio and Wall Thickness

Energy Savings and Carbon Emission Mitigation Prospective of Building’s Glazing Variety, Window-to-Wall Ratio and Wall Thickness

Effects of terpene alcohol dopant on the morphology and electro‐optical properties of polymer‐dispersed liquid‐crystal composite films

Optimal Control Strategies for Switchable Transparent Insulation Systems Applied to Smart Windows for US Residential Buildings

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