Thermal Catalytic Conversion of Biomass-Derived Glucose to Fine Chemicals

Abstract

The energy crisis is a major challenge for the 21st century due to fossil fuel depletion. Biomass, the waste material from plants or animals containing renewable and abundant carbon resources, is considered as an ideal alternative for fossil fuels. Glucose, as a building unit of cellulose, is the most widely used monosaccharide that has wide applications ranging from pharmaceuticals and food industries. The conversion of biomassderived glucose has become a major and multidisciplinary field of research. Various catalytic transformation processes have been used in the thermochemical conversion of glucose. Numerous nanocatalysts have been developed to selectively convert biomassderived glucose into fine chemicals. This review mainly summarizes the recent achievements of developing catalytic systems for glucose conversion into high-value chemicals. The catalyst structure−activity relationships and underlying reaction mechanisms are also discussed.

Conversion of Biomass‐derived Aldehydes using Environmentally Benign CuNi nanocatalyst

“…Biomass is derived from plant or animal-based material that can directly be used as fuel to produce heat via combustion or electricity. [1] To satisfy the energy demand, the development of sustainable renewable energy sources is need of an hour due to the depletion of fossil fuels. [2] Also, the use of non-renewable fossil fuels increases greenhouse gas emissions and leads to climate change.…”

Toward Renewable Amines: Recent Advances in the Catalytic Amination of Biomass-Derived Oxygenates

“…Lignocellulose is the major component in abundant biomass resources, consisting mainly of polysaccharides (cellulose and hemicellulose) and phenolic compounds (lignin). , Cellulose (35–50%) is the main part of the overall residues and occurs together with the other components hemicellulose (20–35%) and lignin (10–25%). − Various methods based on hydrothermal, chemocatalytic, or biological enzymatic techniques are known for the depolymerization of polysaccharides to their primary constituents, e.g., glucose and xylose . These sugars are readily available as starting material for the synthesis of oxygenates containing structural moieties and functionalities of furans, alcohols, and aldehydes. , For example, glucose and xylose are converted to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and furfural, respectively, by a simple dehydration method achieving yields of up to ∼90% over a wide range of acid–base catalysts such as zeolites, Amberlyst-15, Nafion, Sn-beta, Nb 2 O 5 , TiO 2 , CrCl 3 , etc. ,− Oxygenates which contain diol functionalities such as ethylene glycol (EG), 1,3-propanediol (ProDO), 1,4-butanediol (BDO), 1,5-pentanediol (PDO), and 1,6-hexanediol (HDO) are highly valued commodity chemicals, conventionally produced from fossil resources. − However, recent studies have demonstrated the feasibility of diol production from renewable resources . For example, EG can be catalytically produced from cellulose .…”

Progress and Outlook of Solar-Powered Biomass for Biorefineries: A Minireview

“…24 Similarly, Jiang et al published a review article on the thermocatalytic conversion of biomass-derived glucose to value-added chemicals. 25 In contrast to these previous reviews, our work focuses on photocatalysts, such as metal sulfides, zeolites, TiO 2 , and g-C 3 N 4 -based porous materials, and the wide range of products that can be produced from biomass valorization. In addition, we primarily discuss photocatalytic instead of thermocatalytic systems, which are more sustainable, efficient, and environmentally benign.…”

“…In another work, Servio and co-workers focused only on photocatalytic H 2 production from biomass . Similarly, Jiang et al published a review article on the thermocatalytic conversion of biomass-derived glucose to value-added chemicals . In contrast to these previous reviews, our work focuses on photocatalysts, such as metal sulfides, zeolites, TiO 2 , and g-C 3 N 4 -based porous materials, and the wide range of products that can be produced from biomass valorization.…”