Thermal Change Affects Flexural and Thermal Properties of Fused Deposition Modeling Poly(Lactic Acid) and Compression Molding Poly(Methyl Methacrylate)

Abstract

Objective Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used materials in three-dimensional (3D) printing technology due to its multiple advantages such as biocompatibility and biodegradable. However, there is still a lack of study on 3D printing PLA for use as a denture base material. The goal of this study was to compare 3D printing PLA to traditional poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) as a denture basis. Materials and Methods The PMMA (M) and PLA (L) specimens were fabricated by compression molding, and fuse deposition modeling technique, respectively. Each specimen group was divided into three different temperature groups of 25°C (25), 37°C (37), and 55°C (55). The glass transition temperature (Tg) of raw materials and specimen was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry. The heat deflection temperature (HDT) of each material was also observed. Statistical Analysis The data of flexural strength and flexural modulus were analyzed with two-way analysis of variance, and Tukey honestly significant difference. The Tg and HDT data, on the other hand, were descriptively analyzed. Results The results showed that PLA had lower flexural strength than PMMA in all temperature conditions, while the PMMA 25°C (M25) and PMMA 37°C (M37) obtained the highest mean values. PLA 25°C (L25) and PLA 37°C (L37) had significant higher flexural modulus than the other groups. However, the flexural properties of L55 could not be observed, which may be explained by Tg and HDT of PLA. Conclusion PLA only meets the flexural modulus requirement, although it was greater than flexural modulus of PMMA. On the other hand, PMMA can meet both good flexural strength and modulus requirement. However, increase in temperature could reduce flexural strength and flexural modulus of PMMA and PLA.

Development of poly(methyl methacrylate)/poly(lactic acid) blend as sustainable biopolymer for dental applications (Running Title) PMMA/PLA blend as biopolymer for dental applications

“…The previous studies showed that the 3D-printed PLA by FDM has lower exural strength than PMMA 11,23 . Additionally, the exural strength of the milled PLA was reported to be lower 24 than that of milled PMMA was reported by the other studies 25,26 .…”

“…According to Charasseangpaisarn et al, the exural properties of 3D-printed PLA by fuse-deposition modeling (FDM) were lower than that of conventional heat polymerized PMMA. Furthermore, the exural properties also decreased when evaluated in the high temperature environment 11 . Thus, the improvement of thermal properties is necessary for using PLA as long term temporary or permanent restorative material.…”

Strength and Wear Behavior of Three-Dimensional Printed and Prefabricated Denture Teeth: An In Vitro Comparative Analysis

“…However, 0 degree was recommended by the manufacturer to make the load applied perpendicular to printing layer orientations as the specimens (full printed teeth no plate or disc specimens) placed on the testing machine with the same printing direction (►Fig. 4).…”

“…When compared with subtractive milling, printing wastes less material. 3,4 Multiple dentures can be made at once using printing. 3 Complex patterns can be produced using printing but milling occasionally has that limitation.…”

Rapid prototyping of 3d printed micropillars using fused filament fabrication technique for biomedical applications

“…After many trial experiments performed using polylactic acid (PLA) filament, which does not produces satisfactory micro-features, PMMA was opted for FFF 3D Printing. PMMA has far better mechanical and thermal properties than PLA, such as high impact, tensile and flexural strength (Alhotan et al , 2021; Charasseangpaisarn et al , 2022). It has higher thermal diffusivity (0.13 mm2/s), glass transition temperature (110 ° C) and thermal conductivity (0.19 W/m-K).…”