Thermal conductivity of polymer composites with the geometrical characteristics of graphene nanoplatelets

Kim, Hyun Su; Bae, Hyun Sung; Yu, Jaesang; Kim, Seong Yun

doi:10.1038/srep26825

Cited by 141 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Noh et al [182] showed that larger fillers lead to an obvious thermal conductivity enhancement due to the increased interface conductance. Kim et al [183] reported a similar result that a larger lateral size and thickness of the GNP may decrease the contact resistance between GNP and polymer matrix to improve the thermal conductivity of nanocomposites. Yu et al [184] even showed that the filler smaller than a critical size cannot enhance the thermal conductivity because the large interfacial thermal resistance counteract the contribution of the high thermal conductivity of fillers.…”

Section: Nanocomposites Without An Inter-filler Networkmentioning

confidence: 81%

Thermal conductivity of polymers and polymer nanocomposites

Huang

Qian

Yang

2018

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports

670

391

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Polymers are widely used in industry and in our daily life because of their diverse functionality, light weight, low cost and excellent chemical stability. However, on some applications such as heat exchangers and electronic packaging, the low thermal conductivity of polymers is one of the major technological barriers. Enhancing the thermal conductivity of polymers is important for these applications and has become a very active research topic over the past two decades. In this review article, we aim to: 1). systematically summarize the molecular level understanding on the thermal transport mechanisms in polymers in terms of polymer morphology, chain structure and inter-chain coupling; 2). highlight the rationales in the recent efforts in enhancing the thermal conductivity of nanostructured polymers and polymer nanocomposites. Finally, we outline the main advances, challenges and outlooks for highly thermal-conductive polymer and polymer nanocomposites. the inter-chain coupling. Fig. 1 Schematic diagrams of a polymer: (a) the morphology of a polymer consisting of crystalline and amorphous domains; (b) structure of a polymer chain.In addition to engineering the morphology of polymer chains, another common method to enhance the thermal conductivity of polymers is to blend polymers with highly thermal conductive fillers. The progress of nanotechnology over the last two decades not only provides more diverse high thermal conductivity fillers of different material types and topological shapes but also advances the understanding at the nanoscale. Fig. 2 shows a sketch of a polymer nanocomposite to illustrate the thermal transport mechanisms. In general, there are two types of polymer nanocomposites depending on whether nano-fillers form a network or not. When the filler concentration is low, no inter-filler networks could be formed, as shown in Fig. 2(a). The thermal conductivity is essentially determined by the filler-matrix coupling, i.e, interfacial thermal resistance, and the concentration and the geometric shapes of fillers. When the filler concentration is large enough, high conductivity fillers might form thermally conductive networks, as shown in Fig. 2(b). Although nanocomposites with filler network could possess a higher thermal conductivity than that without a network, their thermal conductivity could still be low due to the large inter-filler thermal contact resistance. Recently, three-dimensional fillers, such as carbon and graphene foams, have drawn a lot of attention. The fundamental thermal transport mechanisms and recent synthesis efforts in both types of nanocomposites are reviewed.This review article is organized as follows. In Section 2, we introduce the experimental progress on the enhancement of thermal conductivity by aligning polymer chains, and then review the methods to further tune the thermal conductivity by engineering chain structure and inter-chain coupling, as illustrated in Fig. 3(a). In Section 3, we discuss the thermal conductivity of polymer nanocomposites both with and without inter...

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Section: Nanocomposites Without An Inter-filler Networkmentioning

confidence: 81%

Thermal conductivity of polymers and polymer nanocomposites

Huang

Qian

Yang

2018

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports

670

391

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“…Moreover, this hybridization affected the thermal conductivity of PCM by 195%, thereby providing good thermal stability and thermal reliability . Another research utilized graphene derivatives and CNT due to their superior properties . In comparison with PCM, silicone thermal grease was improved throughout the structure.…”

Section: Carbon Allotrope Materials In Tims Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the cost is high due to the complicated structure that requires few processes. Meanwhile, the graphene framework and dispersed polymer have gained much attention due to their moderate cost and good adaptability . Although the cost of fabricating graphene framework is high, its thermal conductivity is much higher than that of dispersed polymer .…”

Section: Carbon Allotrope Materials In Tims Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…115 Another research utilized graphene derivatives and CNT due to their superior properties. [116][117][118] In comparison with PCM, silicone thermal grease was improved throughout the structure. Silicon thermal grease is a typical polymerbased TIMs that contain silicone and thermal conductive fillers, is still the main selection due to its light weight, flexibility, and functionality with other materials.…”

Section: Graphenementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meanwhile, the graphene framework and dispersed polymer have gained much attention due to their moderate cost and good adaptability. [116][117][118][119][120][121] Although the cost of fabricating graphene framework is high, its thermal conductivity is much higher than that of dispersed polymer. 122 Table 2 presents current works on graphene-based TIMs.…”

Section: Graphenementioning

confidence: 99%

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Allotrope carbon materials in thermal interface materials and fuel cell applications: A review

2019

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Summary The performance of allotrope carbon materials has been explored because of their superior properties in energy system applications. This review provides an understanding of the current work focusing on the applications of selected carbon materials in important energy systems, focus on thermal interface materials (TIMs), and fuel cell applications. This article begins with the introduction of TIMs and fuel cell in general working principle and presents details on carbon materials. The discussion focuses on updates from the latest research work and addresses current challenges and opportunities for research toward TIMs and fuel cell applications. The optimum performance of TIMs was seen when thermal conductivity achieved at a maximum of 3000 W (m K)−1 by using vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and a minimum internal thermal resistance of 0.3 mm2 K W−1. Meanwhile for fuel cell, the platinum/CNTs catalyst applied proton exchange membrane fuel cell achieved high power density of 661 mW cm−2 in the presence of Nafion electrolyte membrane. This review provides insights for scientists about the use of carbon materials, especially in energy system applications.

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Thermal Management in Polymer Composites: A Review of Physical and Structural Parameters

et al. 2018

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Contrary to expectation, the thermal conductivity of carbon‐polymer nanocomposites has been reported to be low near the lower boundary of the rule of mixtures. Various dispersing processes have been developed to achieve uniform dispersion of the nanocarbon fillers, including an in situ polymerization process based on ring‐opening polymerizable oligoesters. However, even if the nanofiller is well dispersed, phonon scattering due to the interfacial thermal resistance at the nanofiller‐matrix interface and the contact thermal resistance at the nanofiller‐nanofiller interface is inevitable, and this is the main cause of the low thermal conductivity of the nanocomposite. When the nanofiller is incorporated in a high content, the interfacial thermal resistance can be overcome by forming a contacted three‐dimensional (3D) filler network between the fillers. Recently, thermal percolation behavior has been reported to occur in composite materials with sufficiently high carbon filler content. Also, the thermal conductivity can be synergistically improved by the simultaneous incorporation of fillers of different sizes and shapes, forming a contacted 3D filler network. It can be concluded that large fillers with high thermal conductivity are suitable for thermally conductive composites, while nanofiller is advantageous for heat‐insulating composites.

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Thermal conductivity of polymer composites with the geometrical characteristics of graphene nanoplatelets

Cited by 141 publications

References 27 publications

Thermal conductivity of polymers and polymer nanocomposites

Thermal conductivity of polymers and polymer nanocomposites

Allotrope carbon materials in thermal interface materials and fuel cell applications: A review

Thermal Management in Polymer Composites: A Review of Physical and Structural Parameters

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