Thermal cracking of propane and propane‐propylene mixtures: Pilot plant versus industrial data

Abstract

The product distribution and kinetics of the thermal cracking of propane and propane‐propylene mixtures were investigated for a temperature range of 700° to 850°C, exit total pressures from 1.2 to 2 atm. absolute, and steam dilutions of 0.4 and 1.0. The reaction kinetics were determined by two methods. The first uses the equivalent reactor volume concept to reduce the data to isothermicity before attempting the kinetic analysis. The second determines the parameters directly from the nonisothermal data by means of a search routine. Both methods led to a reaction order of 1. The effect of propylene addition was also investigated. Finally, a detailed molecular reaction scheme was derived from a nonisothermal and nonisobaric simulation of the cracking experiments. This scheme was used in the simulation of an industrial cracker and led to excellent agreement, in particular of the product distribution.

Challenges and strategies for optimization of glycerol steam reforming process

“…These values were found to be lower than those obtained for carbon deposition caused by C3H8 [137,138], which is structurally very similar to glycerol. Regarding the lower activation energy, it may be explained by the presence of the functional OH group on each of the carbon atoms in the parent chain of glycerol, which makes it more reactive than propane (less electron-withdrawing H on each C atom).…”

Mathematical Modeling of Coke Formation and Deposition due to Thermal Cracking of Petroleum Fluids

“…1. As mentioned before, they considered propylene as the only precursor of coking [3][4][5]. The variation of outlet gas temperature versus the dimensionless radial ratio at different times is illustrated in Fig.…”

“…The coke yield within the tube after 1000 h is indicated in Fig. 5 a. Propylene is the only component considered as a coke precursor [3][4][5]. Because of the low propylene concentration at the tube entrance, the formation of coke is low there.…”

“…Zou et al developed a reduced free-radicals reaction network for the pyrolysis of propane, including ten reactions [2]. Van Damme et al [3] and Sundaram and Froment [4] provided a complete molecular model that includes nine reactions and nine species. Sundaram and Froment also improved the kinetics of coking rate using propylene as the only precursor of coking and added two reactions to their previous results to account for the coke formation [5].…”

Multi‐Objective Optimization of Pseudo‐Dynamic Operation of Naphtha Pyrolysis by a Surrogate Model

“…In the past half century, the furnace and its process have been investigated thoroughly, especially the pyrolysis mechanism for different hydrocarbon feedstocks and the couple simulation of the furnace system [2][3][4][5][6]. In general, the pyrolysis model can be divided into three kinds: the empirical model [7], the molecular reaction model [5,8,9], and the free radical reaction mechanism [4,[10][11][12][13][14][15].…”