Thermal damage and excision time of micro and super pulsed diode lasers: A comparative ex vivo analysis

Prado, Mariliza C. O.; Nwizu, Ngozi N.; Patel, Sankita J.; Streckfus, Charles F.; Zezéll, Denise Maria; Barros, Juliana A.

doi:10.1002/cre2.670

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In this regard, Fornaini et al have reported that in the pulsated laser, the stop between pulses protects the tissue from overheating due to thermal relaxation time. 11,13,18 Sindel et al reported that the minimal difference in the temperature rise between groups in two lasers comparison was between the power outputs of Er, Cr: YSGG lasers (2780 nm) and the lowest rise in temperature was with 2.75 W of the Er, Cr: YSGG laser. 12 In this study, it was also noticed that the mean of G3 of Er, Cr: YSGG was lower in the temperature rise than G1 and G2 of the diode laser.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, it is crucial for oral pathology to minimize peri-incisional heat injury. 5,[9][10][11] The conversion of light energy into heat due to the photothermal effect of laser tissue interaction may cause a rise in temperature and then damage to the surrounding area of the incision on both vertical and horizontal plane, 12 which will have an effect on the histopathological diagnosis and the healing of the tissue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of the Temperature Elevation of the Dual-Wavelength Diode Laser and the Er, Cr: YSGG Laser in Oral Soft Tissue Incisions

Al-Ani,

Al-Alawi,

Taher

2023

J Lasers Med Sci

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Introduction: Lasers are one of the most advantageous tools that have been used in a variety of medical fields. Soft tissue management is an important part of oral and maxillofacial surgery. There are different surgical procedures for management; one of them is laser surgery. The purpose of this study was to compare the dual-wavelength diode laser and the Er, Cr: YSGG laser to choose the most effective laser for a soft tissue incision in oral and maxillofacial surgery regarding temperature elevation. Methods: A dual-wavelength diode laser (810 and 980 nm) with 1.5 W and 2.5 W power outputs and an Er, Cr: YSGG (2780 nm) with 2.5 W and 3.5 W power outputs were used to make 50 incisions in six freshly dissected sheep tongues. The temperature means were measured at initial, maximum temperatures, as well as the temperature rise (difference between initial and maximum), and all were compared between the groups of soft tissue. Results: The lowest mean temperature rise was observed with a 2.5 W Er, Cr: YSGG laser, and the highest mean temperature rise was observed with a 2.5 W diode laser, and all samples from the two lasers showed a statistically significant difference (P<0.05) in the temperature rise except the 1.5 W diode, which is higher but not statistically significantly different from the 3.5 W Er, Cr: YSGG laser (P=0.100). Conclusion: The power output of 2.5 W of an Er, Cr: YSGG laser produced low levels of temperature rise compared to a diode laser and produced surgical incisions with a lower probability of heat damage to surrounding tissues.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Temperature Elevation of the Dual-Wavelength Diode Laser and the Er, Cr: YSGG Laser in Oral Soft Tissue Incisions

Al-Ani,

Al-Alawi,

Taher

2023

J Lasers Med Sci

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Thermal damage and excision time of micro and super pulsed diode lasers: A comparative ex vivo analysis

Prado

Nwizu

Patel

et al. 2022

Clinical & Exp Dental Res

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Objectives The primary aim of this ex vivo study was to evaluate thermal damage and cutting efficiency of micro and super pulsed diode lasers. The secondary aim was to suggest a guideline to perform simple surgical excisions adequate for histopathological evaluation. Material and Methods Ten groups of 10 specimens of pig tongues were excised using a blade (G1), a micro pulsed (G2–G9), and a super pulsed diode (G10) lasers. Different output power, pulse duration, pulse interval, and duty cycle were tested. Quantitative measures of thermal damage and excision times were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed at a significance level of 5%. Results The control group (G1) presented no thermal damage. Within the laser groups (G2–G10), no statistically significant differences in depth of thermal damage (µm) were noted. G3 showed significantly less area of thermal damage (mm2) when compared with G7 and G9 (p < .05). The median excision time of the control group and super pulsed diode laser group were significantly lower (p < .001) than the micro pulsed diode laser groups. Conclusions The cutting efficiency of the super pulsed diode laser is comparable to traditional blade, and with appropriate parameters, these lasers can produce predictable surgical outcomes with less collateral damage.

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The Impact of Laser Thermal Effect on Histological Evaluation of Oral Soft Tissue Biopsy: Systematic Review

et al. 2023

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The aim of the study is to review the literature to observe studies that evaluate the extent of the thermal effect of different laser wavelengths on the histological evaluation of oral soft tissue biopsies. An electronic search for published studies was performed on the PubMed and Scopus databases between July 2020 and November 2022. After the selection process, all the included studies were subjected to quality assessment and data extraction processes. A total of 28 studies met the eligibility criteria. The most studied laser was the carbon dioxide (CO2) laser, followed by the diode laser 940 nm–980 nm. Six studies were focused on each of the Erbium-doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet (Er:YAG), Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Nd:YAG) lasers, and diode lasers of 808 nm and 445 nm. Three studies were for the Potassium Titanyl Phosphate (KTP) laser, and four studies were for the Erbium, Chromium-doped Yttrium, Scandium, Gallium, and Garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser. The quality and bias assessment revealed that almost all the animal studies were at a low risk of bias (RoB) in the considered domains of the used assessment tool except the allocation concealment domain in the selection bias and the blinding domain in the performance bias, where these domains were awarded an unclear or high score in almost all the included animal studies. For clinical studies, the range of the total RoB score in the comparative studies was 14 to 23, while in the non-comparative studies, it was 11 to 15. Almost all the studies concluded that the thermal effect of different laser wavelengths did not hinder the histological diagnosis. This literature review showed some observations. The thermal effect occurred with different wavelengths and parameters and what should be done is to minimize it by better adjusting the laser parameters. The extension of margins during the collection of laser oral biopsies and the use of laser only in non-suspicious lesions are recommended because of the difficulty of the histopathologist to assess the extension and grade of dysplasia at the surgical margins. The comparison of the thermal effect between different studies was impossible due to the presence of methodological heterogeneity.

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Thermal damage and excision time of micro and super pulsed diode lasers: A comparative ex vivo analysis

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Analysis of the Temperature Elevation of the Dual-Wavelength Diode Laser and the Er, Cr: YSGG Laser in Oral Soft Tissue Incisions

Analysis of the Temperature Elevation of the Dual-Wavelength Diode Laser and the Er, Cr: YSGG Laser in Oral Soft Tissue Incisions

Thermal damage and excision time of micro and super pulsed diode lasers: A comparative ex vivo analysis

The Impact of Laser Thermal Effect on Histological Evaluation of Oral Soft Tissue Biopsy: Systematic Review

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