Thermal decomposition of ammonium sulphate

Halstead, W. D.

doi:10.1002/jctb.5010200408

Cited by 58 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The same analysis by AMS measurements of AS particles prepared by atomizing and drying aqueous solutions yielded the expected molar ratio of 2 (2.2 ± 10%) for AS, which supports the above analysis of NH 4 loss. In the literature, thermal decomposition of AS is only reported for temperatures higher than 170°C [e.g., Halstead , 1970; Kiyoura and Urano , 1970], but it seems that this process is taking place at lower temperatures during the coating procedure in our experiments. Figure 2 shows the ammonium‐to‐sulfate molar ratio ( n NH4 / n SO4 ) plotted versus the coating temperature of the furnace.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Soluble mass, hygroscopic growth, and droplet activation of coated soot particles during LACIS Experiment in November (LExNo)

et al. 2010

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The LACIS Experiment in November (LExNo) campaign was conducted in November 2005 at the Atmospheric Composition Change the European Network of Excellence (ACCENT) site Leipzig Aerosol Cloud Interaction Simulator (LACIS). The goal of LExNo was to provide deeper insight into the activation properties of coated soot particles imitating aged combustion aerosol particles. The aerosols were prepared by starting with spark‐generated soot particles. In some experiments the soot particles were compacted by exposure to propanol vapor; in others this step was bypassed. The soot was thermally coated with ammonium sulfate, levoglucosan, or a mixture of both ammonium sulfate and levoglucosan. The synthesized particles were investigated using aerosol mass spectrometry, a Hygroscopicity Tandem differential mobility analyzer, two Wyoming static diffusion cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) instruments, a Droplet Measurement Technologies continuous flow CCN instrument, and LACIS. A close correlation between the hygroscopic growth factor at 98% relative humidity and the critical supersaturation of CCN activation was observed. Closure between hygroscopic growth, CCN activation, and chemical composition of the investigated particles was achieved with two different single‐parameter Köhler model approaches and with a third approach, a standard Köhler model using as input parameter the soluble mass as determined by aerosol mass spectrometry.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Soluble mass, hygroscopic growth, and droplet activation of coated soot particles during LACIS Experiment in November (LExNo)

et al. 2010

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“…• C) it is known that ammonium sulfate dissociates into solid products such as ammonium bisulfate and ammonium pyrosulfate and gas phase products that include ammonia, sulfur dioxide, water, and nitrogen (Halstead 1970;Kiyoura and Urano 1970). Therefore, we are not certain about the composition of the nanoparticles produced from the ammonium sulfate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Working Fluid on Sub-2 nm Particle Detection with a Laminar Flow Ultrafine Condensation Particle Counter

Iida

Stolzenburg

McMurry

2009

Aerosol Science and Technology

183

186

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The effect of working fluid on size-dependent activation efficiencies with the laminar flow ultrafine condensation particle counter described by Stolzenburg and McMurry (1991) was studied theoretically and experimentally. Criteria considered include tendency to avoid homogeneous nucleation within the condenser and toxicity. The working fluids that were identified have vapor pressures below that of butanol, so particles grow to smaller sizes and are more difficult to detect optically. Therefore we use a second, conventional CPC as a "booster" to grow particles to a detectable size. Experiments were performed to obtain the size-and material-dependent activation efficiencies for ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, oleic acid, and DOS. Using diethylene glycol and oleic acid, values of the 50% activation efficiency diameter, D p50 , for negatively charged particles generated by evaporating sodium chloride, ammonium sulfate, and silver were <1.2 (<0.8) nm , 1.4-1.5 (1.0-1.2) nm, and 1.9-2.0 (1.5) nm as mobility (mass) diameter, respectively. The stability of the UCPC for long-term operation using ethylene glycol and propylene glycol as working fluids was tested by monitoring the instrument's response to silver particles having size near D p50 in an air stream at 40-45% relative humidity. The performance was steady (±3%) for several days indicating the instrument performs stably during unattended operation for realistic atmospheric sampling conditions.

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“…Other weight loss peaks were observed around 496 K, 648 K, 740 and 940 K. DTG profiles of the (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 powder and a physical mixture sample of the (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 powder and the TiO 2 powder are also shown in figure 4(C). In the (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 powder, two peaks were observed at 530 K and 620 K, which were attributed to the following reactions: (1) and (2), respectively [22] …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of SO₂ on selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH₃ over a TiO₂ photocatalyst

Yamamoto

Teramura

Hosokawa

et al. 2015

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

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The effect of SO2 gas was investigated on the activity of the photo-assisted selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen monoxide (NO) with ammonia (NH3) over a TiO2 photocatalyst in the presence of excess oxygen (photo-SCR). The introduction of SO2 (300 ppm) greatly decreased the activity of the photo-SCR at 373 K. The increment of the reaction temperature enhanced the resistance to SO2 gas, and at 553 K the conversion of NO was stable for at least 300 min of the reaction. X-ray diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy, thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), elemental analysis and N2 adsorption measurement revealed that the ammonium sulfate species were generated after the reaction. There was a strong negative correlation between the deposition amount of the ammonium sulfate species and the specific surface area. Based on the above relationship, we concluded that the deposition of the ammonium sulfate species decreased the specific surface area by plugging the pore structure of the catalyst, and the decrease of the specific surface area resulted in the deactivation of the catalyst.

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Thermal decomposition of ammonium sulphate

Cited by 58 publications

References 4 publications

Soluble mass, hygroscopic growth, and droplet activation of coated soot particles during LACIS Experiment in November (LExNo)

Soluble mass, hygroscopic growth, and droplet activation of coated soot particles during LACIS Experiment in November (LExNo)

Effect of Working Fluid on Sub-2 nm Particle Detection with a Laminar Flow Ultrafine Condensation Particle Counter

Effects of SO₂ on selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH₃ over a TiO₂ photocatalyst

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Thermal decomposition of ammonium sulphate

Cited by 58 publications

References 4 publications

Soluble mass, hygroscopic growth, and droplet activation of coated soot particles during LACIS Experiment in November (LExNo)

Soluble mass, hygroscopic growth, and droplet activation of coated soot particles during LACIS Experiment in November (LExNo)

Effect of Working Fluid on Sub-2 nm Particle Detection with a Laminar Flow Ultrafine Condensation Particle Counter

Effects of SO2 on selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3 over a TiO2 photocatalyst

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Effects of SO₂ on selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH₃ over a TiO₂ photocatalyst