Thermal degradation of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) and their blends upon melt processing

Signori, Francesca; Coltelli, Maria‐Beatrice; Bronco, Simona

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2008.10.004

Cited by 404 publications

(292 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The obvious change in initial stage corresponds to the addition of solid materials and their melt. After melting completely, the melt torques of neat PLLA and PLLA/VUB decrease slightly which may be attributed to the shear thinning and possible thermal degradation of the aliphatic polyesters during melting processing [50,51]. It is interesting to find that the PLLA/ VUB/PDLA ternary blends show higher melt torque after melting compared to the PLLA/VUB binary blends, and the torque value increases with increase in the PDLA content.…”

Section: Dynamic Vulcanizationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Fully bio-based, highly toughened and heat-resistant poly(L-lactide) ternary blends via dynamic vulcanization with poly(D-lactide) and unsaturated bioelastomer

Zeng

et al. 2017

Sci. China Mater.

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Inherent brittleness and low heat resistance are the two major obstacles that hinder the wide applications of poly(L-lactide) (PLLA). In this study, we report a fully biobased, highly toughened and heat-resistant PLLA ternary blend, which was prepared by dynamic vulcanization of PLLA with poly(D-lactide) (PDLA) and an unsaturated bioelastomer (UBE). The results indicated that during dynamic vulcanization PDLA cocrystallized with PLLA to form stereocomplex (SC) crystallites, which not only enhanced the molecular entanglement but also accelerated the crystallization rate of PLLA matrix. With increase in the content of PDLA, the matrix molecular entanglement increased while phase-separation was enhanced, which enabled the impact strength to increase first and then decrease. The ternary blends containing 10 wt.% PDLA showed the highest impact strength. The presence of SC crystallites makes it possible to achieve a fully sustainable PLLA/VUB/PDLA ternary blend with highly crystalline matrix under conventional injection molding, due to the high nucleation efficiency of SC towards crystallization of PLLA. The highly crystalline ternary blend showed excellent heat resistance and better impact toughness than high impact polystyrene.

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Section: Dynamic Vulcanizationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Fully bio-based, highly toughened and heat-resistant poly(L-lactide) ternary blends via dynamic vulcanization with poly(D-lactide) and unsaturated bioelastomer

Zeng

et al. 2017

Sci. China Mater.

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“…In the case of intermolecular transesterification, a reaction between two ester molecules exchanges their radicals, thus leading to a variation of the distribution of Mws [140]. Only a few studies considered the intermolecular transesterification [149,150] as a mechanism present during degradation in the melt, which can be minimized by the addition of benzoyl peroxide [151], 1,4-dianthraquinone [152] and other stabilizers. Kopinke et al proposed that above 200°C, PLA can degrade through intra-and intermolecular ester exchange, cis-elimination, radical and concerted non-radical reactions, resulting in the formation of CO, CO 2 , acetaldehyde and methylketene [138,153].…”

Section: Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and mechanical properties of PLA, and their functions in widespread applications — A comprehensive review

Farah

Anderson

Langer

2016

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews

2,366

1,486

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Available online xxxxPoly(lactic acid) (PLA), so far, is the most extensively researched and utilized biodegradable aliphatic polyester in human history. Due to its merits, PLA is a leading biomaterial for numerous applications in medicine as well as in industry replacing conventional petrochemical-based polymers. The main purpose of this review is to elaborate the mechanical and physical properties that affect its stability, processability, degradation, PLA-other polymers immiscibility, aging and recyclability, and therefore its potential suitability to fulfill specific application requirements. This review also summarizes variations in these properties during PLA processing (i.e. thermal degradation and recyclability), biodegradation, packaging and sterilization, and aging (i.e. weathering and hygrothermal). In addition, we discuss up-to-date strategies for PLA properties improvements including components and plasticizer blending, nucleation agent addition, and PLA modifications and nanoformulations. Incorporating better understanding of the role of these properties with available improvement strategies is the key for successful utilization of PLA and its copolymers/composites/blends to maximize their fit with worldwide application needs.© 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Contents lists available at ScienceDirectAdvanced Drug Delivery Reviews

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“…Doi et al [5] as well as Yu et al [6] argued that thermal and hydrolysis reactions for biocopolymers could be generated by random chain scission reactions of the ester groups following a mathematical model depending on its own composition. Coupled with these two last mechanisms, intra-( Figure 1c) and intermolecular ( Figure 1d) transesterification reactions could also cause a drop in molecular weight at longer reaction times [7,8]. In fact, backbiting effect (zip-like depolymerization, see Figure 1b) leads to the formation of cyclic oligomers (lactide) and lactic acid which is catalyzed by the presence of monomers, oligomers or hydroxyl groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sheets of branched poly(lactic acid) obtained by one step reactive extrusion calendering process: Melt rheology analysis

Cailloux¹,

Santana

Urquiza³

et al. 2013

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. One-step reactive extrusion-calendering process (REX-Calendering) was used in order to obtain sheets of 1mm from two PD,L-LA extrusion grades modified with a styrene-acrylic multifunctional oligomeric agent. In a preliminary internal mixer study, torque versus time was monitored in order to determine chain extender ratios and reaction time. Once all parameters were optimized, reactive extrusion experiments were performed. Independently of the processing method employed, under the same processing conditions, PD,L-LA with the lower D enantiomer molar content revealed a higher reactivity towards the reactive agent, induced by its higher thermal sensitivity. REXCalendering process seemed to minimize the degradations reactions during processing, although a competition between degradation and chain extension/branching reactions took place in both processes. Finally, the rheological characterization revealed a higher degree of modification in the melt rheological behaviour for REX-Calendered samples.

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Thermal degradation of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) and their blends upon melt processing

Cited by 404 publications

References 23 publications

Fully bio-based, highly toughened and heat-resistant poly(L-lactide) ternary blends via dynamic vulcanization with poly(D-lactide) and unsaturated bioelastomer

Fully bio-based, highly toughened and heat-resistant poly(L-lactide) ternary blends via dynamic vulcanization with poly(D-lactide) and unsaturated bioelastomer

Physical and mechanical properties of PLA, and their functions in widespread applications — A comprehensive review

Sheets of branched poly(lactic acid) obtained by one step reactive extrusion calendering process: Melt rheology analysis

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