Thermal desalination of ballast water using onboard waste heat in marine industry

Gude, Veera Gnaneswar

doi:10.1002/er.4647

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…After that, the exact mass flux, transferred mass, and all the temperature values can be seen. In the iteration loop (Equations (8) to (14)), the Prandtl number (Pr) in Equation 11is calculated for the feed and permeate sides separately since feed and permeate temperatures are different than one another. For the feed side, the Pr is calculated at the temperature value of (T f + T f, m )/2 while it is calculated at the temperature value of (T p + T p, m )/2 for the permeate side.…”

Section: Thermodynamic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 Besides the above-mentioned waste heat recovery techniques, the seawater desalination by using the waste heat (steam) of data center cooling systems has also been proposed as an idea by Ebrahimi et al 11 However, the modeling and performance assessment details were not given in that study. In fact, integration of the desalination process is a widely-proposed approach for different energy systems such as nuclear power plants, 12 marine energy and industry, 13,14 solar energy, 15,16 fuel cell and gas turbine 17 and thermoelectric coolers. 18 Those studies inferred that low-temperature energy systems can be efficiently combined with the desalination process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi‐criteria thermoeconomic and thermodynamic assessments of the desalination‐integrated two‐phase liquid‐immersion data center cooling system

Kanbur

Duan

2020

Int J Energy Res

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The waste heat management of the data center cooling systems has a significant share in the energy-efficient operations of the data centers. In this study, a new hybrid desalination-data center cooling system is proposed to reduce the cost drawback of the waste heat in the data center cooling operations. A two-phase liquid-immersion cooling unit is selected as the data center cooling method with the cooling load range of 0.7 to 1.5 kW. It is a promising solution thanks to the high heat flux removal performance but there is still a lack of research about waste heat management. The waste heat of the immersion cooling system is used to heat up the feed side of the desalination module. A direct contact membrane distillation system as preferred as the desalination module with the membrane area range of 5 to 75 cm 2. The proposed hybrid system is investigated according to the thermodynamic, economic, and thermoeconomic aspects. The thermoeconomic assessment is done concerning the unique exergy-cost matrix of the original design. The maximum thermal and exergy efficiencies are found as 64.5% and 53.7%, respectively. The daily distilled water rate can reach 6.13 kg at the highest cooling load and membrane area. Compared to the stand-alone data center cooling operation, the hybrid system has higher capital and operation costs. The payback period is found 3.72 years that means the proposed system is economically feasible for real applications. Also, the levelized product cost of the hybrid design is calculated in the range of 2.69 to 5.33 SGD/h. In the multiobjective optimization study, the best trade-off point is decided at the cooling load of 1.1 kW whilst the membrane area varies between 5.12 and 5.19 cm 2 .

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Section: Thermodynamic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐criteria thermoeconomic and thermodynamic assessments of the desalination‐integrated two‐phase liquid‐immersion data center cooling system

Kanbur

Duan

2020

Int J Energy Res

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“…The energy recovered from combustion engines is evaluated as follows. Gude [31] and Ouyang et al [32] investigated waste heat recovery from marine engines for desalination process. Lion et al [33] examined different technologies and related potentials for engine heat recovery of desalination process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual and Ternary Biofuel Blends for Desalination Process: Emissions and Heat Recovered Assessment

Elfasakhany

2020

Energies

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Desalination using fossil fuels is so far the most common technique for freshwater production worldwide. However, such a technique faces some challenges due to limited fossil fuels, high pollutants in our globe, and its high energy demand. In this study, solutions for such challenges were proposed and investigated. Renewable biofuel blends were introduced and examined as energy/sources for desalination plants and, in turn, reduced dependency on fossil fuels, enhanced pollutants, and recovered energy for desalinations. Eight different blended biofuels in terms of dual and ternary blend approaches were investigated. Results displayed that dual and ternary blends of gasoline/n-butanol, gasoline/isobutanol, gasoline/n-butanol/isobutanol, gasoline/bioethanol/isobutanol, and gasoline/bioethanol/biomethanol were all not highly recommended as energy sources for desalination units due to their low heat recovery (they showed much lower than the gasoline, G, fuel); however, they could provide reasonable emissions. Both gasoline/bioethanol (E) and gasoline/biomethanol (M) provided high heat recovery and sensible emissions (CO and UHC). Gasoline/bio-acetone was the best one among all blends and, accordingly, it was upper recommended for both heat recovery and emissions for desalination plants. In addition, both E and M were recommended subsequently. Concerning emissions, all blends showed lower emissions than the G fuel in different levels.

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“…Low-carbon emission, environmental protection and efficient use of marine fuel have become an urgent need for the development of global shipping industry. 1 Compared with traditional diesel fuel, liquefied natural gas (LNG) has a low price and a high combustion calorific value, which can provide more heat and greatly reduce the emissions of polluting gases, for example, CO 2 , sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides. 2 Therefore, in the past decade, LNG has been widely applied and popularized in many energy fields, such as the thermal power generation, heavy truck transportation and district heating.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Redundant energy combination and recovery scheme for dual fuel carriers based on thermoelectric harvesting with a large temperature range

Wang

Han

et al. 2020

Int J Energy Res

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On most dual fuel ships, the waste heat of engine exhaust gas and the cooling capacity of liquefied natural gas (LNG) in the fuel regasification process are not effectively used. In order to recover these redundant energy under the large temperature difference around 600 K, thermoelectric technology provides a feasible solution with the advantages of small size, no noise and high stability. In this article, a waste energy recovery system has been developed for LNG-diesel dual fuel ships using multistage thermoelectric generators (TEGs) scheme. According to the thermodynamic analysis and the materials selection, the recoverable energy, recovery form and thermoelectric materials used in the large temperature range of the dual fuel ship were determined. A multistage TEGs model considering the temperature distribution, fluid properties, connection methods and contact effects has been developed to predict the thermoelectric performance under the operating condition with large temperature difference. The results show that the maximum conversion efficiency can reach up to 18.54% with appropriate thermoelectric materials in different temperature zones and suitable multistage series-parallel schemes. Besides, the thermoelectric conversion effect makes the temperature distribution of the cold and hot fluids in the TEG quite different from that in the traditional heat exchangers. The output characteristics of TEGs are directly affected by the flow parameters of the cold and hot fluids and the connection methods of thermoelectric elements. This study provides a brand-new inspiration for developing the waste energy recovery and corresponding power conversion system on LNG-diesel dual fuel ships.

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Thermal desalination of ballast water using onboard waste heat in marine industry

Cited by 9 publications

References 41 publications

Multi‐criteria thermoeconomic and thermodynamic assessments of the desalination‐integrated two‐phase liquid‐immersion data center cooling system

Multi‐criteria thermoeconomic and thermodynamic assessments of the desalination‐integrated two‐phase liquid‐immersion data center cooling system

Dual and Ternary Biofuel Blends for Desalination Process: Emissions and Heat Recovered Assessment

Redundant energy combination and recovery scheme for dual fuel carriers based on thermoelectric harvesting with a large temperature range

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