Thermal hazard analysis of triacetone triperoxide (TATP) by DSC and GC/MS

Wu, Sau-Hsuan; Chi, Jen‐Hao; Wu, Yung-Tin; Huang, Yi-Hao; Chu, Feng-Jen; Horng, Jao‐Jia; Shu, Chi‐Min; Charpentier, Jean‐Claude

doi:10.1016/j.jlp.2012.07.022

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…9,10 As a consequence, a large number of detection methods for TATP or HMTD have been developed in the past few years, most of which demand complex instrumentation, including electrochemical, 11,12 indirect fluorescence, 6,[13][14][15][16] and mass spectrometry. 5,[17][18][19][20][21] Examples of readily portable detection methods for field detection of peroxides, however, remain limited and generally require destructive sampling. 22,23 Importantly, a handheld sensor, FIDO-Paxpoint, 24 has been used very recently in US international airports for peroxide detection.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiation among peroxide explosives with an optoelectronic nose

Bassett

Askim

et al. 2015

Chem. Commun.

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Forensic identification of batches of homemade explosives (HME) poses a difficult analytical challenge. Differentiation among peroxide explosives is reported herein using a colorimetric sensor array and handheld scanner with a field-appropriate sampling protocol. Clear discrimination was demonstrated among twelve peroxide samples prepared from different reagents, with a classification accuracy >98%.

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confidence: 99%

Differentiation among peroxide explosives with an optoelectronic nose

Bassett

Askim

et al. 2015

Chem. Commun.

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“…This accounts for the high temperature sensitivity of NG. According to Table 4, both the Ozawa and Kissinger models [15] give similar values for the activation energies (E a ) of each explosive (NG and PGDN). However, the NG activation energy is lower than that of PGDN; it seems that NG is more sensitive to heat [16].…”

Section: Gcms Analysismentioning

confidence: 91%

E-Smoking Liquids as Precursors for Liquid Nitroesters

Fettaka

Lefebvre

2016

Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater.

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Abstract:Currently, E-smoking cigarettes are widely used and occur within all classes of society. This work investigated the use of E-smoking liquids for the synthesis of Nitroglycerin (NG) and 1,2-Propylene Glycol Dinitrate (PGDN), both considered as nitroester liquid high explosives. Two kinds of E-smoking liquids (10 mL) were investigated: nicotine free and with nicotine (10 mg/mL). Quantitative analysis of the glycerin and propylene glycol (PG) present in the E-smoking liquids was carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS), with calculation of the accuracy and precision parameters. The percentage of glycerin was (10-13 wt.%) and percentage of propylene glycol was (40-70 wt.%) The synthesis of pure NG and pure PGDN were performed with laboratory grade glycerin and propylene glycol and compared to the samples obtained from the E-smoking liquid. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) was used for the determination of the activation energy and the heat of decomposition for each synthesized explosive, using the Ozawa and Kissinger models. The brisance index was assessed by the witness plate test and compared with some conventional explosives (TNT and C4). Finally, the influence of nicotine (less than 2 wt.%) on the synthetic process and the detonic properties of the explosive mixture was studied.

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“…In this study, DSC experiments were performed at heating rates of 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0, and 10.0 °C/min, and the test temperature range was set at 30.0–400.0 °C. STAR e software was used to establish thermokinetic models and obtain kinetic parameters 20,21 . The sample sizes of MEA, MEA mixed with CuBr 2 , and MEA mixed with ZnBr 2 were approximately 7.0 mg in each experiment.…”

Section: Experimental and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Decomposition and Nonisothermal Kinetics of Monoethanolamine Mixed with Various Metal Ions

Wei

Huang

Shu

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Ethanolamine is a critical chemical for petrochemical enterprises. When corrosion occurs in pipelines, equipment, and containers in petrochemical enterprises, minute amounts of metal ions are released. In this study, the thermal decomposition and nonisothermal kinetics of monoethanolamine (MEA) and MEA mixed with copper and zinc ions were analyzed using thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The TG tests revealed that MEA mixed with copper (II) and zinc (II) began thermal decomposition at 75.2 and 60.3 °C, respectively, whereas pure MEA began thermal decomposition at 89.7 °C. Two exothermic peaks were observed in the DSC curves for MEA mixed with copper (II) and zinc (II), and thermokinetic parameters were obtained from DSC data. The apparent activation energy ( E a ) of each stage was calculated using several nonisothermal kinetic methods, namely the ASTM E698, Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose, Starink, and Flynn–Wall–Ozawa methods. The E a of pure MEA was 28.7 ± 2.5 kJ/mol, whereas that of the copper and zinc mixtures were 80.5 ± 1.1 and 46.8 ±1.7 kJ/mol, respectively. The results can be used to improve the intrinsic safety of storage tanks and petrochemical plants.

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Thermal hazard analysis of triacetone triperoxide (TATP) by DSC and GC/MS

Cited by 18 publications

References 13 publications

Differentiation among peroxide explosives with an optoelectronic nose

Differentiation among peroxide explosives with an optoelectronic nose

E-Smoking Liquids as Precursors for Liquid Nitroesters

Thermal Decomposition and Nonisothermal Kinetics of Monoethanolamine Mixed with Various Metal Ions

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