Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing of Hydrocarbon in Lagos- Southern Nigeria: Application of the Thermographic Model

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The paper presents a technique for investigating remote sensing imagery to explore hydrocarbon sites, oil traps and spills. This research adopts a model approach to oil exploration against conventional or traditional methods. The model used here is the Environmental Thermographic Model (ETM). Key parameters such as surface emissivity, surface temperature, long wave radiation and geological mapping which constitute the model were used alongside data generated from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectro-radiometer (MODIS) in order to identify the location of prospective oil or gas reservoir in Lagos-Southern Nigeria. MODIS data generated over a period of ten years was analyzed. The ETM model and a temperature polynomial expansion scheme (TPES) were used to validate the remote sensing data by using calculated surface emissivity and long wave technique. Two thermal infrared sources were deployed to aid oil field investigations. The consistency of the Landsat 8 OLI and ETM imagery further confirms the reliability of the method in determining the characteristics of the hydrocarbon habitat, as well as the lineaments.

Oli and Gas Explorations via Satellite Remote Sensing Techniques for AL_Nasiriya

“…The thermal remote sensing is based on the infrared portion of the spectrum, and measures the emitted thermal energy [8]. This, thermal remote sensing is kind of passive remote sensing, since it discover natural emitted radiation.…”

“…Then, the integration of vegetation indices from remotely sensed images with other hydro meteorological data is extensively used for monitoring natural hazards for instance the droughts. As far as calculate emissivity are concerned, the emissivity of the material surface is the emitting energy efficiency as thermal radiation [8]. Whereas, the thermal radiation is electromagnetic radiation, and it could include both visible (light), and infrared radiation [21], which is invisible to human being eyes.…”

“…Therefore, there is not sole processing algorithm capable for determining all oil slicks in the spectrum reflective region. In both the thermal infrared and microwave regions of the spectrum [4,8], oil has a lower emissivity than water, resulting in a brightness temperature contrast that may be used for oil slick detection [9]. However, variations in real kinetic temperature of water can produce false targets, and oil slicks and surrounding water may not be at the same temperature.…”

“…As well as, the current best practice is to employ valuable combined techniques, this including airborne radar [10], and a combined IR/UV line scanner for slick detection [1]. Oil and seawater emissivity, and how this spectral behavior used in comparatively unsophisticated multispectral thermal infrared of oil slicks detection [4,8]. In this study, the hydrocarbon exploration using thermal remote sensing would is considered.…”

Optimization of Complex Multi-Band Joint Spectral Measurements of Ambiant Media Objects

“…The best example is International set of aerosol measurements «AERONET» , containing more than 500 automated stations for measurements of atmospheric aerosol optical depth at the wavelengths 340, 440, 500, 670, 870, 1020 nm [2]. Other example for joint measurements is remote measurements of soil pollution carried out in ultraviolet, visible and infrared bands [3,4], and also the method for detection of hydrocarbons fire in ultraviolet and infrared bands [5]. Thus it may be concluded that joint multispectral measurements are inseparable part of theory and practice of multispectral measurements and optimization of them is an actual task.…”