Thermal management and mechanical structures for silicon detector systems

Viehhauser, G. H. A.

doi:10.1088/1748-0221/10/09/p09001

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…This review focuses on the on-detector elements, and does not include data acquisition or downstream data processing such as track reconstruction. As there are recent reviews on radiation damage of silicon sensors [2] and on mechanics and cooling of such detectors [3] these topics receive an abbreviated treatment here. The current state of the art is represented by the detectors in operation or under construction at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN, in the ATLAS, CMS, LHC-b, and NA62 experiments.…”

Section: Pixel Detectors At the Heart Of Particle Physics Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of advances in pixel detectors for experiments with high rate and radiation

Garcia-Sciveres¹,

Wermes²

2018

Rep. Prog. Phys.

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The large Hadron collider (LHC) experiments ATLAS and CMS have established hybrid pixel detectors as the instrument of choice for particle tracking and vertexing in high rate and radiation environments, as they operate close to the LHC interaction points. With the high luminosity-LHC upgrade now in sight, for which the tracking detectors will be completely replaced, new generations of pixel detectors are being devised. They have to address enormous challenges in terms of data throughput and radiation levels, ionizing and non-ionizing, that harm the sensing and readout parts of pixel detectors alike. Advances in microelectronics and microprocessing technologies now enable large scale detector designs with unprecedented performance in measurement precision (space and time), radiation hard sensors and readout chips, hybridization techniques, lightweight supports, and fully monolithic approaches to meet these challenges. This paper reviews the world-wide effort on these developments.

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Section: Pixel Detectors At the Heart Of Particle Physics Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of advances in pixel detectors for experiments with high rate and radiation

Garcia-Sciveres¹,

Wermes²

2018

Rep. Prog. Phys.

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“…To design the LHC experiment which enables a long-lifetime performance, a thermal management system becomes crucial to provide stability and reliability. In order to maintain the silicon detector within the range of critical temperatures, the design of the geometries and the selection of the materials become essential to develop a thermal resistance network which can minimize the length of the heat path to the local heat sink [19]. Therefore, much care should be taken when selecting the tube material where the forced convection occurs.…”

Section: Cooling Tubementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Metals are the most common materials chosen for the on-detector cooling tube, because of their tightness at the connection and formation flexibility [19]. However, nonmetallic materials can be attractive due to their low mass and smaller thermally induced stress.…”

Section: Cooling Tubementioning

confidence: 99%

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Heat Transfer Interface to Graphitic Foam

Lin

Anderssen

Yee

2019

Volume 8: Heat Transfer and Thermal Engineering

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Thermal interface materials (TIMs) used for bonding components are important for creating a thermally conductive path which improves heat dissipation. Low density, porous carbon foams are commonly used for thermal management applications and devices. Their high surface area to volume ratio enables cooling more effectively via different heat transfer methods. Many studies have adopted different methods to analytically or computationally analyze the effective thermal conductivity of carbon foams. Others have studied the participation of TIMs used in composite materials. However, very few studies have analyzed the microscale effects in heat transfer of the interaction between TIM and carbon foams. The amount of contact between a carbon foam and a bonded surface has hardly been reported in the literature. In this study, the carbon foam is deposited with thin layers of graphene until reaching the desired foam density; this type of foam is known as the graphitic foam. Graphene’s highly anisotropic thermal properties result in high thermal conductivity in the planar direction but low in the normal direction. With these anisotropic thermal characteristics, the objective of this study is to determine the effect of TIM thickness on thermal conductivity of the graphitic foam. It was hypothesized that the direction which heat enters the graphitic foam and the size of the cross-sectional area normal to the heat flux direction would affect the overall effective thermal conductivity. As commonly known, a gap created between ligands (foam structure) and the bonded surface would likely reduce the overall effective thermal conductivity. At the gap, heat is transferred via the TIMs or the graphitic foam through conduction, depending on if a direct contact exists between the graphitic foam and the bonded surface. The filler types used for the TIMs are hypothesized to play a critical role in the heat portion transferred via the TIMs. The heat transfer in 2-D becomes extremely complicated while anisotropic materials (graphene coating) and isotropic materials (TIMs) interact. Furthermore, the non-uniform structure of the carbon foam introduces more complexity to the heat transfer at the interface. A computational model using ANSYS finite element program was developed in this study to help the analysis. The results demonstrate that the parameters at the interface can be optimized to improve the overall effective thermal conductivity of the interface.

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“…The installation of auxiliary energy-saving devices increases the internal density of engineering machinery. The rising full-machine heat load that ensues challenges the effect of the cooling system [5][6][7][8]. To enhance the full-machine performance in dynamics, economy, and greenness, it is important to carry out energy analysis, power matching, and full-machine thermal management of engineering machinery, especially loader.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Analysis of Thermal Management System of Power Matching Transmission in Energy Machinery

Zhong¹

2021

IJHT

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With the technical development of energy conservation and emission reduction technology, the internal structure of engineering machinery has become denser. The rising full-machine heat load that ensues challenges the effect of the cooling system. In the traditional thermal management system for the transmission in energy machinery, the cooling capacity does not fully match the load of each subsystem, and the thermal management components cannot adapt to the dynamic cooling demand of engineering machinery. To solve these problems, this paper designs and analyzes the thermal management system of power matching transmission in energy machinery. Firstly, the energy distribution among different components of engineering machinery, including, hydraulic system, transmission system, and cooling system, was described in each work section, and the dynamic matching method was detailed for hydraulic torque converter. Then, heat source engine, hydraulic torque converter, and hydraulic retarder were selected as the targets of thermal management for the power transmission system of loader. Next, the thermal management cycle was framed as a scheme in which the engine transmission system is independent with the cooling circulation system, and a heat transfer calculation model was constructed for loader transmission system. The proposed model was proved effective through experiments. The research results provide a reference for the thermal management of other subsystems of engineering machinery.

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Thermal management and mechanical structures for silicon detector systems

Cited by 8 publications

References 71 publications

A review of advances in pixel detectors for experiments with high rate and radiation

A review of advances in pixel detectors for experiments with high rate and radiation

Heat Transfer Interface to Graphitic Foam

Design and Analysis of Thermal Management System of Power Matching Transmission in Energy Machinery

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