Thermal, Mechanical, and Morphological Properties of Rigid Crude Glycerol‐Based Polyurethane Foams Reinforced With Nanoclay and Microcrystalline Cellulose

Qi, Xiaoge; Zhang, Yongsheng; Chang, Chun; Luo, Xubiao; Li, Yebo

doi:10.1002/ejlt.201700413

Cited by 25 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…8,11,41 The increase in the loading level resulted in an increase in the cell diameter, which is also reported by other researchers in the literature to result in the destruction of the closed-cell of the foams. 20,42,44 3.7 | Tensile and tear test at lower loading levels…”

Section: Cell Measurement At Lower Loading Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible polyurethane foams reinforced with organic and inorganic nanofillers

Ghasemi

Amini

Tajvidi

et al. 2020

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The effect of three different types of cellulose nanofillers on the morphology, mechanical, and thermal properties of flexible polyurethane foam was studied. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), and cellulose filaments (CelFil) were used as fillers at 0.1-0.8 wt% loading levels. The comparison of the results showed that smaller loading levels resulted in foams with better performance in almost all cases. In the next step, the properties of foams containing CNC, CNF, or CelFil at 0.025%-0.1% loading levels were compared with those made with inorganic nanofillers including nanosilica (nSi), reduced graphene oxide, and halloysite nanotubes (HNT). Among all the properties evaluated, the tensile modulus of the foams was improved up to 40% by adding HNT at 0.05 wt% loading level whereas the addition of CNF resulted in a 44% increase in the compressive modulus of the foams at 0.1 wt% loading level.

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Section: Cell Measurement At Lower Loading Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible polyurethane foams reinforced with organic and inorganic nanofillers

Ghasemi

Amini

Tajvidi

et al. 2020

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…It has been stated that the addition of different kinds of organic and inorganic fillers may enhance the mechanical properties of PU composite foams. In the literature, many different inorganic fillers, such as nanoclay [23], expandable graphite [24], silica [25], talc [26], or polyhedral oligosilsesquioxanes (POSS) [27,28] has been already used in the production of PU foams. Besides numerous favorable properties of such prepared PU composites, the application of the fillers obtained from natural sources has attracted much more attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Based Polyurethane Composite Foams with Improved Mechanical, Thermal, and Antibacterial Properties

et al. 2020

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Among different organic fillers, the chemical composition of Syzygium aromaticum, commonly known as cloves, has great potential as a sustainable reinforcement for polymeric materials. In the study, grounded cloves were used as cellulosic filler for a novel polyurethane (PU) composite foams. Soybean oil-based PU composite foams were successfully reinforced with different concentrations (1, 2, and 5 wt%) of clove filler. PU foams were examined by rheological behavior, processing parameters, cellular structure (scanning electron microscopy analysis), mechanical properties (compression test, impact test, three-point bending test), thermal properties (thermogravimetric analysis), viscoelastic behavior (dynamic mechanical analysis) as well as selected application properties (apparent density, dimensional stability, surface hydrophobicity, water absorption, color characteristic). In order to undertake the disc diffusion method, all PU composites were tested against selected bacteria (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus). Based on the results, it can be concluded that the addition of 1 and 2 wt% of clove filler leads to PU composite foams with improved compression strength (improvement by ≈18% for sample PU-1), greater flexural strength (increase of ≈11%), and improved impact strength (increase of ≈8%). Moreover, it has been proved that clove filler may be used as a natural anti-aging compound for polymeric materials. Based on the antibacterial results, it has been shown that the addition of clove filler significantly improved the antibacterial properties of PU foams and is suitable for the manufacturing of antimicrobial PU composite foams. Due to these positive and beneficial effects, it can be stated that the use of cloves as a natural filler in PU composite foams can promote a new application path in converting agricultural waste into useful resources for creating a new class of green materials.

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“…However, the addition of 4wt% and 6wt% of WCT caused the compression strength of CPUC to decrease to 2.40 MPa and 2.15 MPa respectively. This was due to the poor dispersion and non-uniform distribution of WCT (4wt% and 6wt%) in the mixtures which contributed to the embrittlement of cell foam walls, leading to their rupture and formation of distorted cell foams [28,29,30]. Surface contact area of the cell foams decreased due to distorted structure of cell foams, which caused the resistance of CPUC4 and CPUC6 to fracture under decreasing load, thus reducing the compression strength of composites.…”

Section: Compression Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Castor-Based Polyurethane Composites Filled With Waste Carbon Tyres (Wct) as Grouting Material

et al. 2020

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This research focused on the fabrication of castor-based polyurethane composite (CPUC) filled with waste carbon tyres (WCT) with particle size of 200 µm that acts as reinforcing filler. WCT was first sieved using a sieving machine to obtain uniform particle size. WCT loading was varied at 0wt%, 2wt%, 4wt% and 6wt%. The effect of WCT loading in CPUC was evaluated based on their foam reaction time, apparent density, rheology, compression strength, morphology and thermal properties. The foam reaction time of CPUC achieved was in the range of industrial PU grout’s properties. The rheology index and compression strength of CPUC decreased with increasing WCT loading. CPUC with 2wt% of WCT loading achieved the optimum compression strength where it increased from 2.58 MPa to 3.39 MPa with the improvement of 31.40% compared to neat PU. FESEM micrograph showed that CPUC consists of closed foam cell indicating the rigidity of the CPUC. The addition of 2wt% of WCT resulted in achieving the optimum thermal stability of CPUC where CPUC2 had the highest char residue content. The high residue content indicated that CPUC2 had the lowest decomposition of elements as WCT acted as heat barrier in CPUC matrix thus increasing the thermal stability of CPUC2.

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Thermal, Mechanical, and Morphological Properties of Rigid Crude Glycerol‐Based Polyurethane Foams Reinforced With Nanoclay and Microcrystalline Cellulose

Cited by 25 publications

References 37 publications

Flexible polyurethane foams reinforced with organic and inorganic nanofillers

Flexible polyurethane foams reinforced with organic and inorganic nanofillers

Bio-Based Polyurethane Composite Foams with Improved Mechanical, Thermal, and Antibacterial Properties

Preparation of Castor-Based Polyurethane Composites Filled With Waste Carbon Tyres (Wct) as Grouting Material

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