Thermal mechanisms of laser marking in transparent polymers with light-absorbing microparticles

Zelenska, Kateryna; Zelensky, S. E.; Поперенко, Л. В.; Kanev, Kamen; Mizeikis, Vygantas; Gnatyuk, V. A.

doi:10.1016/j.optlastec.2015.07.011

Cited by 32 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Some producers use marking to distinguish their original parts. Marking can be completed on plastics and different metals [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. On certain metals and/or alloys, like stainless steels, nickel alloys, chrome plated steel, aluminium and titanium alloys, marks of different colours can be obtained [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Laser Colour Marking on the Corrosion Properties of Low Alloyed Ti

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the field of surface treatment, laser colour marking can be used to produce coloured marks on the surfaces of metals. Laser colour markings can be applied to various materials, but on titanium alloys a wide spectra of vivid colours can be achieved. This study presents an analysis of the corrosion properties of laser treated surfaces that were exposed to aggressive environments. Different samples were prepared with laser light of various power intensities and processing speeds. The samples were prepared on low alloyed Ti. Electrochemical, spectroscopic and microstructural analyses were conducted in order to study the properties of the laser treated surfaces. Corrosion testing showed different effects of laser power and production speed on the properties of the laser treated surfaces. It was shown that a high intensity and slow processing rate affect the surfaces by forming oxides that are relatively stable in a corrosive environment of 0.1 M NaCl. Spectroscopic investigations including scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses showed the differences in chemical structure of the surface layer formed after laser treatment. Similarly, microstructural investigations showed different effects on the surface and sub-surface layer of the laser treated samples. advantages of laser induced oxidation are that the process is non-contact and that the marking of smaller surfaces can be made fast at relatively low cost. The produced markings are very sharp, reproducible and precise. Another benefit is that the process enables flexible change of marking colours on the fly with respect to laser processing parameters [6,[13][14][15][16].Titanium and its alloys have several specific properties, like good strength to weight ratio, high strength, good chemical stability, high temperature stability, biocompatibility, corrosion resistance and resistance to fatigue and wear, and can be heat treated or surface treated in order to achieve particular hardness and strength [11,26].Laser induced oxidation of metals is a gaseous high-temperature corrosion process, where thin layers of oxides or other more complex oxidation formations are formed. With this process, different colours can be produced on the titanium surface. During laser oxidation, titanium oxides are formed at the surface if the marking is carried out in an oxidative atmosphere. Titanium oxides are not expensive, biocompatible, non-toxic and mechanically and chemically stable [16]. On the surfaces, there are thin layers present in the form of anatase, brookite, rutile or in the amorphous phase [6,13,16]. In the white light spectrum, they are highly transparent and exhibit a wide spectrum of vivid colours as a result of the interference between white light and the borders between different phases. The obtained colours depend on the thickness of the oxide layer, refractive index and the interference between light and incidence angle [6,13,15,27]. There are many laser parameters, such as pulse duration, pulse repetition rate, pulse en...

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Laser Colour Marking on the Corrosion Properties of Low Alloyed Ti

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This heating affected less and less volume as it moved outwards, this is why the cross section of the zones heated with the laser looks like triangles pointing outwards. The transparent layer can similarly heated and plasticized by means of heat conduction [48], but at the boundary of the red and the transparent layer so much heat was generated that gas was produced due to thermal decomposition, and its pressure separated the two layers; a similar explanation is described by Zelenska et al [76]. The cross section of the black cable is shown in Figure 6.…”

Section: Microscopic Examination Of the Penetration Depth Of Laser Mamentioning

confidence: 70%

Laser markability of PVC coated automotive electric cables

Bitay¹

2019

Express Polym. Lett.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article describes the test results for laser markability of automotive electrical cables. The insulation is PVC, but the colour and construction of the insulations are different. Two types of laser workstations were used, one with a wavelength of 1064 nm and another with 532 nm. The penetration depth of the laser beam was determined by optical microscopy on cross sections. The 1064 nm laser beam can mark all investigated materials with good contrast, except the yellow insulation. The 532 nm laser beam with fast speed can hardly produce contrast with any of the materials. The laser markability of the yellow insulation was found to be the most problematic. On the two-layer insulation, despite the whitening of the inner material, dark marking is produced because the heat developing on the interface of the two layers will heat up and carbonize the transparent layer.

show abstract

“…Researchers 45,49 also used LIBDE for laser patterning. The authors' group and co-workers 50 used graphite as the absorber for laser patterning on glass, and the glass substrate was in close contact with the graphite plate pressed by external force.…”

Section: Laser Filamentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser machining of transparent brittle materials: from machining strategies to applications

Xie

Zhou

Wei

et al. 2019

Opto-Electronic Advances

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Transparent brittle materials such as glass and sapphire are widely concerned and applied in consumer electronics, optoelectronic devices, etc. due to their excellent physical and chemical stability and good transparency. Growing research attention has been paid to developing novel methods for high-precision and high-quality machining of transparent brittle materials in the past few decades. Among the various techniques, laser machining has been proved to be an effective and flexible way to process all kinds of transparent brittle materials. In this review, a series of laser machining methods, e.g. laser full cutting, laser scribing, laser stealth dicing, laser filament, laser induced backside dry etching (LIBDE), and laser induced backside wet etching (LIBWE) are summarized. Additionally, applications of these techniques in micromachining, drilling and cutting, and patterning are introduced in detail. Current challenges and future prospects in this field are also discussed.

show abstract

Thermal mechanisms of laser marking in transparent polymers with light-absorbing microparticles

Cited by 32 publications

References 18 publications

Influence of Laser Colour Marking on the Corrosion Properties of Low Alloyed Ti

Influence of Laser Colour Marking on the Corrosion Properties of Low Alloyed Ti

Laser markability of PVC coated automotive electric cables

Laser machining of transparent brittle materials: from machining strategies to applications

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About