Thermal Monitoring and Simulation of Earthen Buildings. A Review

Carrobé, Ariadna; Rincón, Lídia; Martorell, Ingrid

doi:10.3390/en14082080

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The BLT appears to be the most efficient with a phase shift of 6 hours, an amplitude reduction of 5 ° C and a damping factor of 40.56% for a thickness of 20 cm, against respectively, 8h, 9.1 ° C and 7.1% for our foamed concrete with a thickness of 17.5 cm. Pape Moussa Touré 2019, [29] and Ariadna Carrobé 2021 , [30] did similar work on adobe, CEB stabilized and found there is a significant reduction in damping factor. A wall having a thickness between 20 and 50 cm, the damping factor is stabilized in a range of 0.13 to 0.21.…”

Section: Comparison Of the Average Internal Temperature Of Foamed Con...mentioning

confidence: 90%

Evolution of the Average Temperature of the Interior Atmosphere of a Habitable Cell Made of Foamed Concrete in Burkina Faso

Ouédraogo

Malbila

Dabilgou

et al. 2022

PSIJ

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Aims: The energy domain is responsible for the production of many gaseous, liquid and solid pollutants, strongly contributing to climate change. The provision of bioclimatic habitats to households is therefore necessary since it will contribute to the reduction of energy consumption. This work consists in making a study of the thermal behavior of a habitat designed with foamed concrete (FC) in order to evaluate its thermal performance for the improvement of its thermal comfort and to compare its average internal temperature with those of other materials. Study Design: A calculation model developed under the COMSOL Multiphysics 5.3a software was used to simulate the thermal behavior of a foamed concrete habitat. The meteorological data used are those of Ouagadougou in the month of April (hottest month in Burkina Faso) on April 15, 2019 (with April 15, the hottest day of the year 2019) Methodology: The temperatures of each side of the walls were determined. Moreover, the study of the influence of the thickness of the walls on the average internal temperature made it possible to determine an optimal thickness. Then, the thermal phase shift, the thermal amplitude reduction and the damping factor were carried out. Results: The results obtained in the weather conditions of April in Ouagadougou, lead to an average internal temperature of the building of about 304 K, for a wall thickness of 17.5 cm. There is a thermal phase shift of 8 hours, and a reduction in thermal amplitude of 9°C or a damping factor of 8.6%. The maximum average internal temperature of the foamed concrete was compared with those of the cement block, the CEB, the adobe, the CLB which present respectively 311 K; 309.2K; 309K; 308.5K. Conclusion: A building constructed with foamed concrete has a low average internal temperature compared to cinderblock, CEB, adobe and CLB. Thus, this material makes it possible to provide more thermal comfort and can be used for the construction of habitats with good energy efficiency.

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Section: Comparison Of the Average Internal Temperature Of Foamed Con...mentioning

confidence: 90%

Evolution of the Average Temperature of the Interior Atmosphere of a Habitable Cell Made of Foamed Concrete in Burkina Faso

Ouédraogo

Malbila

Dabilgou

et al. 2022

PSIJ

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“…Therefore, it is attempting to try to unify the different technologies between vernacular construction and newly developed digital processes that have appeared in recent years. An interesting classification of the vernacular earthen construction method is the one proposed by Auroville Earth Institute [49]. An appealing idea is to promote the opportunity to revive traditional techniques using digital manufacturing technologies.…”

Section: New Processing Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing of earth-based materials: current situation and challenges ahead

Keita,

Perrot

2024

RILEM Tech Lett

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With the overall aim of supporting the development of new construction techniques and materials that are more economical and less carbon intensive, RILEM has decided to launch three new technical committees on earth construction in 2022. One of these committees will focus on the manufacturing processes used in earth construction (TC PEM). The aim of this committee is to bring together experts from several disciplines (materials science, earth construction, rheology, geotechnics, cement chemistry, etc.) to advance earth construction techniques by sharing and promoting good practice. The processing of earth is today based on solid empirical knowledge which fails to convince structural design engineers. As a result, earth construction is still limited to small buildings. To upscale the use of earthen material in construction, it is required to provide a solid scientific background that can be used for the writing of standards and recommendations to guarantee minimal performances in service. Areas of work include improving understanding of the mechanical behaviour of the material in the fresh state, developing characterization methods, monitoring the material during curing, and studying new construction techniques, particularly digital ones. The work of the technical committee PEM “Processing of earth-based materials” is expected to gather the scientific knowledge that can be further used for the writing of construction and design codes for earthen materials.

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“…The interest in utilizing earth as a binder for construction materials is primarily motivated by its sustainability, ease of accessibility, and the enhanced natural comfort it brings [27,28]. Various methods exist for incorporating earth into buildings, depending on the specific element being considered.…”

Section: Smart Shot-earth Concretementioning

confidence: 99%

Full-scale testing and multiphysics modeling of a reinforced shot-earth concrete vault with self-sensing properties

D’Alessandro,

Meoni,

Romero

et al. 2024

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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Civil constructions significantly contribute to greenhouse gas emissions and entail extensive energy and resource consumption, leading to a substantial ecological footprint. Research into eco-friendly engineering solutions is therefore currently imperative, particularly to mitigate the impact of concrete technology. Among potential alternatives, shot-earth-concrete, which combines cement and earth as a binder matrix and is applied via spraying, emerges as a promising option. Furthermore, this composite material allows for the incorporation of nano and micro-fillers, thereby providing room for enhancing mechanical properties and providing multifunctional capabilities. This paper investigates the damage detection capabilities of a novel smart shot-earth concrete with carbon microfibers, by investigating the strain sensing performance of a full-scale vault with a span of 4 meters, mechanically tested until failure. The material's strain and damage sensing capabilities involve its capacity to produce an electrical response (manifested as a relative change in resistance) corresponding to the applied strain in its uncracked state, as well as to exhibit a significant alteration in electrical resistance upon cracking. A detailed multiphysics numerical (i.e. mechanical and electrical) model is also developed to aid the interpretation of the experimental results. The experimental test was conducted by the application of an increasing vertical load at a quarter of the span, while modelling of the element was carried out by considering a piezoresistive material, with coupled mechanical and electrical constitutive properties, including a new law to reproduce the degradation of the electrical conductivity with tensile cracking. Another notable aspect of the simulation was the consideration of the effects of the electrical conduction through the rebars, which was found critical to accurately reproduce the full-scale electromechanical response of the vault. By correlating the outcomes from external displacement transducers with the self-monitoring features inherent in the proposed material, significant insights were gleaned. The findings indicated that the proposed smart-earth composite, besides being well suited for structural applications, also exhibits a distinctive electromechanical behaviour that enables the early detection of damage initiation. The results of the paper represent an important step toward the real application of smart earth-concrete in the construction field, demonstrating the effectiveness and feasibility of full-scale strain and damage monitoring even in the presence of steel reinforcement.

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Thermal Monitoring and Simulation of Earthen Buildings. A Review

Cited by 12 publications

References 56 publications

Evolution of the Average Temperature of the Interior Atmosphere of a Habitable Cell Made of Foamed Concrete in Burkina Faso

Evolution of the Average Temperature of the Interior Atmosphere of a Habitable Cell Made of Foamed Concrete in Burkina Faso

Processing of earth-based materials: current situation and challenges ahead

Full-scale testing and multiphysics modeling of a reinforced shot-earth concrete vault with self-sensing properties

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