Thermal Response to Fire of Uniformly Insulated Steel Members: Background and Verification of the Formulation Recommended by Chinese Code Cecs200

Li, Guoqiang; Zhang, Chao

doi:10.18057/ijasc.2010.6.2.7

Cited by 9 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The internal steel is represented by a lumped mass that temperature gradient within the steel is ignored. Based on this model, using various mathematical techniques, different formulas were developed for calculating the average steel temperatures [7].…”

Section: Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The temperature of a steel member exposed to a post-flashover fire is usually determined by first representing the fire environment by a fire curve obtained from solving the one-zone compartment fire model, then substituting the fire curve into a one-dimensional (1D) condensed heat transfer model to obtain the steel temperature [7]. The temperature of steel members in a fire can also be determined by advanced compute simulations [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modified One Zone Model for Fire Resistance Design of Steel Structures

Zhang¹,

Li²

2013

Volume 9 Number 4

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A modified one-zone model has been proposed for structural fire safety design. In the model, a quantity which considers the heat sink effect of steel members in fire compartment is added to the heat balance equation for one-zone compartment fire model. In this paper, the proposed model is solved by FEM simulations. The results from FEM simulations are verified by program OZone (V2.0). Case studies have been conducted with investigating parameters including number of steel members, compartment dimension, opening area, fire load density and steel insulation thickness. The results of the studies show that for fire compartments with bare steel members, the steel heat sink effect is greater for compartments with smaller floor area, larger opening, lower fire load density, and more steel members; and for fire compartments with insulated steel members, the steel heat sink effect is greater for compartments with larger floor area, smaller opening, higher fire load density, and more steel members with thinner insulation. Correspondingly, the over-predictions of the maximum steel temperatures by the current model are comparatively more severe for those compartments. The proposed model can yield more economical fire resistance design than the current model, which is recommended for practical usage.Keywords: Temperature calculation; Steel structures; Post-flashover fires; Fire resistance; Modified one-zone model INTRODUCTIONCurrently, performance-based method is very popular in fire safety engineering. In a performance-based fire resistance design, the temperature of building components exposed to the potential real fires should be determined scientifically.The behavior of a real fire is complex, which depends on many parameters such as sprinkler, fire load, combustion, ventilation, compartment size and geometry, and thermal properties of compartment boundaries [1]. So far, with increase in complexity, empirical correlations (e.g. nominal fire curves and parameter fire curve [2]), zone models (e.g. one-zone model for post-flashover fires [3,4] and two-zone model for preflashover fires [4,5]), and sophisticated CFD models (e.g. Fire Dynamic Simulation [6]) have been developed to model the fire behavior.In fire resistance design, post-flashover fires are usually considered because they provide the worst case scenario (however, localized heating of key elements of structure in pre-flashover fires must also be considered). The temperature of a steel member exposed to a post-flashover fire is usually determined by first representing the fire environment by a fire curve obtained from solving the one-zone compartment fire model, then substituting the fire curve into a one-dimensional (1D) condensed heat transfer model to obtain the steel temperature [7]. The temperature of steel members in a fire can also be determined by advanced compute simulations [8]. Figure 1 shows the one-zone compartment fire model. In this model, the heat balance equation within the compartment is given by [9]

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Section: Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified One Zone Model for Fire Resistance Design of Steel Structures

Zhang¹,

Li²

2013

Volume 9 Number 4

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“…For large-span steel spatial structures, thermal load caused by solar radiation may lead some members to reach ultimate state [10][11][12][13][14][15]. However, few researches have conducted studies on thermal behavior of spatial structures under construction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Monitoring and Numerical Analysis of Thermal Behavior of Large Span Steel Structures Under Solar Radiation

Zhao¹,

Liu²,

Chen³

2017

Volume 13 Number 3

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ABSTRACT:The erection process of large span structures is complex and requires long time to complete, even a few years for some major engineering projects. The structure will expose to solar radiation which will result in larger temperature change in service phase. In order to obtain the temperature distribution and thermal behaviour of large span steel structures under solar radiation, a numerical simulation method based on the ASHRAE model is presented in this paper. In order to provide insights into temperature distribution and data to verify the presented numerical simulation method, field monitoring system was designed for an actual project. The temperature distribution mechanical response of the entire structure was derived by fielding monitoring. Using the temperature numerical simulation method, the temperature distribution and thermal behaviour of a typical steel structure, the lattice shell structures, were studied. The study showed that: 1) the daily temperature variation caused by solar radiation has little effect on the components which located at upper part of spatial latticed shell structures, the internal force can be released by deformation.2) The components connected to supports were sensitive to thermal load. They were in shadow of the upper structures in general, so the temperature caused by solar radiation has smaller effect than effect of seasonal temperature difference.3) The shell-shaped latticed shell structures behave like arch, and the internal force can be released by deformation. INTRODUCTIONSteel structures have been popular in recent years. They have many engineering advantages, such as light weight, fast assembly, large span capability and ease to form various attractive geometrical surfaces. Therefore, steel structures are used widely in sport stadiums and gymnasiums, exhibition centers, airport, factory buildings.The erection process of large span structures is complex and needs long time to complete, even a few years for some major engineering projects. So the structures under-construction will also experience daily and seasonal temperature changes. If the main structure of one building is completed without accessory structures, for example the roof board, the whole structure will exposed to solar radiation and the maximum temperature of the steel structure surface may exceed 60 in summer. In most cases, the thermal load during this erection process is not considered in design process of the structure. And so far few researchers have investigated the effect of this kind of thermal load on mechanical behavior of structures.In the past decades, most researches have devoted to design approaches and investigation on the structural behavior of steel structures [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. In the design process of steel structures, the structural behavior under the gravity load, dead load, live load, wind load, thermal load, snow load and earthquake action are analyzed. For long span steel structures, the thermal load has a significant effect on its structural behavior. For structures ...

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“…Therefore, the solar radiation can induce higher and more no-uniform thermal load for the above three types steel structures. For large-span steel spatial structures, thermal load caused by solar radiation may lead some members to ultimate state [5][6][7][8][9][10]. However, a precise numerical simulation method for the temperature distribution under solar radiation is scarcely mentioned in the published papers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on Temperature Distribution and Thermal Behavior of Large Span Steel Structures Considering Solar Radiation

Liu¹,

Chen

Zhou³

2013

Volume 9 Number 1

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ABSTRACT:The temperature change is very large for steel structures under solar radiation, and this temperature change can induce remarkable nodal displacement and member stress. In order to obtain the temperature distribution and thermal behavior of large span steel structures under solar radiation, a numerical simulation method was presented in this paper based on the ASHRAE model. In order to provide insights into temperature distribution and provide data to verify the presented numerical simulation method, ten steel plate specimens with different aspect ratios and orientations were investigated by measuring their temperatures under solar radiation. The parameter values in the numerical simulation model were modified by the tests results. Using the temperature numerical simulation method, the temperature distribution and thermal behavior of a typical steel structure, the lattice shell structures, were studied. The study showed that: 1) the solar radiation had a significant effect on the temperature distribution of steel structures. Considering the solar radiation, the temperature of steel structures is about 20 o C higher than the corresponding ambient air temperature; 2) the temperature change is similar to sine curve from sunrise to sunset; 4) the solar radiation has a remarkable effect on the member stress, nodal displacement and reaction force.

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Thermal Response to Fire of Uniformly Insulated Steel Members: Background and Verification of the Formulation Recommended by Chinese Code Cecs200

Cited by 9 publications

References 8 publications

Modified One Zone Model for Fire Resistance Design of Steel Structures

Modified One Zone Model for Fire Resistance Design of Steel Structures

Field Monitoring and Numerical Analysis of Thermal Behavior of Large Span Steel Structures Under Solar Radiation

Investigation on Temperature Distribution and Thermal Behavior of Large Span Steel Structures Considering Solar Radiation

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