Thermal Sensation in Courtyards: Potentialities as a Passive Strategy in Tropical Climates

Callejas, Ivan Júlio Apolônio; Durante, Luciane Cleonice; Diz-Mellado, Eduardo; Galán-Marín, Carmen

doi:10.3390/su12156135

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In any case, if the tolerance parameter is increased to tol = 3 • C for that case, we obtain the higher percentage 74.40%. On the other hand, the values for the statistical parameters that indicate that the simulation is accurate are R → 1 , RMSE → 0 , MAPE → 0 [36,[42][43][44][50][51][52]. The values of these parameters for the courtyard measured temperature in the present courtyards for each simulation confirm that the used strategy is rather accurate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Previous studies have shown the influence of outdoor temperature and geometry on the thermal tempering potential of the courtyard [49] and their thermal sensation [50], so for this research, a selection of case studies with different outdoor temperatures and different AR (Equation (1), defined in (1)) are analyzed. Therefore, two values, ARI and ARII, are defined.…”

Section: Location Climate and Cases Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Applied Machine Learning Algorithms for Courtyards Thermal Patterns Accurate Prediction

et al. 2021

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Currently, there is a lack of accurate simulation tools for the thermal performance modeling of courtyards due to their intricate thermodynamics. Machine Learning (ML) models have previously been used to predict and evaluate the structural performance of buildings as a means of solving complex mathematical problems. Nevertheless, the microclimatic conditions of the building surroundings have not been as thoroughly addressed by these methodologies. To this end, in this paper, the adaptation of ML techniques as a more comprehensive methodology to fill this research gap, covering not only the prediction of the courtyard microclimate but also the interpretation of experimental data and pattern recognition, is proposed. Accordingly, based on the climate zoning and aspect ratios of 32 monitored case studies located in the South of Spain, the Support Vector Regression (SVR) method was applied to predict the measured temperature inside the courtyard. The results provided by this strategy showed good accuracy when compared to monitored data. In particular, for two representative case studies, if the daytime slot with the highest urban overheating is considered, the relative error is almost below 0.05%. Additionally, values for statistical parameters are in good agreement with other studies in the literature, which use more computationally expensive CFD models and show more accuracy than existing commercial tools.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Location Climate and Cases Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Applied Machine Learning Algorithms for Courtyards Thermal Patterns Accurate Prediction

et al. 2021

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“…The geometry of the courtyard is a fundamental aspect to take into account in the study in addition to the climatic characteristics defined by the location. Previous studies confirm the importance of the relationship between the height (H) and width (W) of the courtyard, known as the aspect ratio (AR) [24] (Equation (1)). Aspect ratios of both courtyards are described in Table 1.…”

Section: Case Studies Location and Climate Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Improving School Transition Spaces Microclimate to Make Them Liveable in Warm Climates

et al. 2020

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The so-called urban heat islands (UHI) is a thermal phenomenon characterized by higher air temperatures in the urban area than in rural surroundings. Vernacular passive strategies such as courtyards are proved to be useful to generate specific microclimates, especially in the warmer regions of the Earth. Courtyards increase the porosity of the cities, understanding porosity as building voids. Accordingly, their study will be fundamental in reducing the UHI effect by generating urban cooling microislands. This paper aims to analyze two passive strategies capable of modifying the thermal effect of radiation inside the courtyard of two school buildings: albedo and vegetation. In this regard, two case studies were assessed, both of them located in the city of Seville. Results show that the temperature in these spaces can vary up to 7 °C depending on the albedo, which confirms the importance of detecting an optimal albedo factor. In addition, data showed a significant increase in the thermal delta (TD), courtyard versus outdoor temperature, after the installation of a vegetal facade. Accordingly, both strategies will be fundamental in locations affected by climate change, especially considering that they are not only effective cooling strategies but also relatively easy to implement in the building’s refurbishment process.

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“…Diz-Mellado et al [8] used thermal comfort modeling to highlight the thermal performance and usability of courtyards in hot climates and demonstrated how courtyards are used to promote thermal comfort in large spaces by casting shadows. Meanwhile, Callejas et al [9] found that courtyard design had a passive cooling impact on internal and external courtyards. Tafti et al [10] concluded that sunken courtyards could offer comfortable temperatures, thereby increasing attention and creativity throughout the summer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Strategy for Optimization of Thermal Comfort of College Courtyards in Lingnan Area in Summer

Tao,

Lou,

Chen

et al. 2023

Atmosphere

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The campus courtyards in the Lingnan area are commonly used spaces. Therefore, their thermal comfort is highly important for improving user satisfaction. This study conducted field research on 18 courtyards in four universities in Lingnan to explore the effects of their architectural design factors on the thermal environment. Relevant studies have proved that courtyards are cost-effective in microclimate regulation, and individual factors such as the scale and openness of the courtyards have also been shown to have an effect on the thermal comfort of the courtyards. This study synthesizes multidimensional architectural design factors to explore and analyze the thermal environments of college courtyards. Physiologically equivalent temperature (PET) is selected as the thermal comfort evaluation index for the study and the conclusions are as follows: (1) The thermal environment is the most important factor influencing visitors to the courtyards (22%), and good thermal comfort improves the efficiency of using the college courtyards; (2) the courtyards have a positive microclimate regulating function, and a cooling effect occurs in 80% of them; and (3) the floor location, type, orientation, and sky view factor (SVF) of the courtyards are the main design factors affecting the thermal environment and PET. The first three factors were negatively correlated with PET (p < 0.05),and SVF was positively correlated with PET (p = 0.651). Passive courtyard design strategies are presented based on the findings of this study.

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Thermal Sensation in Courtyards: Potentialities as a Passive Strategy in Tropical Climates

Cited by 15 publications

References 27 publications

Applied Machine Learning Algorithms for Courtyards Thermal Patterns Accurate Prediction

Applied Machine Learning Algorithms for Courtyards Thermal Patterns Accurate Prediction

Improving School Transition Spaces Microclimate to Make Them Liveable in Warm Climates

Study on Strategy for Optimization of Thermal Comfort of College Courtyards in Lingnan Area in Summer

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