Thermal Shock Behavior of Twill Woven Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

Azimpour-Shishevan, Farzin; Akbulut, Hamit; Mohtadi-Bonab,

doi:10.3390/jcs5010033

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The mean values in the bar plots were used to depict the trends of each printed group specimen and the range of their tensile characteristics effects. The degradation in the mechanical strength and elastic modulus after thermally stable and cyclic loading was attributed to the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) between the matrix and fiber, which was caused by the reduced cross-linking of the polymers [ 25 ]. This CTE discrepancy resulted in thermal stress, and it can cause the fibers to pull out due to fiber–matrix debonding, which then leads to the mechanical deterioration of composite specimens [ 18 , 26 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it is worth noting that the type of thermal loading can also influence composite behavior. As mentioned previously, the detrimental effect on the mechanical behavior of the 3D CFRP composite was attributed to the difference of the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) between the matrix and fiber, and it was caused by the reduced cross-linking of the polymers [ 25 ]. This CTE disparity caused local thermal stress, which might cause fiber pull-out due to fiber–matrix debonding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal Effects on Mechanical Strength of Additive Manufactured CFRP Composites at Stable and Cyclic Temperature

et al. 2022

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Additive manufacturing (AM) techniques can be applied to produce carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) elements. Such elements can be exposed to different environmental factors, e.g., temperature, moisture, and UV radiation, related to their operational conditions. From a variety of environmental factors, the temperature is one of the most typical. Temperature strongly influences matrix material joining together CFRP components, resulting in material strength reduction. Therefore, it is important to understand processes in the composite material caused by temperature. This experimental work investigated the thermal effects on the performances of AM CFRP composites. Specimens with unidirectional (UD) alignments of the fiber reinforcement were printed using the fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique. The printed specimens were subjected to two different thermal conditions: stable continuous at 65 ∘C and cyclic temperature between 50 and 70 ∘C. Tensile testing was performed to study the mechanical strength and Young’s modulus of AM UD-CFRPs. In order to investigate the morphological structure on the surface of AM specimens, an optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and digital microscope were utilized. Untreated (intact) samples attained the highest average tensile strength value of 226.14 MPa and Young’s modulus of 28.65 GPa. The ultimate tensile strength of the sample group subjected to stable heat treatment decreased to 217.99 MPa, while the thermal cycling group reduced to 204.41 MPa. The Young’s modulus of the sample group subjected to stable thermal exposure was decreased to 25.39 GPa, while for the thermal cycling group, it was reduced to 20.75 GPa. The visual investigations revealed that the intact or untreated specimen group exhibited lateral damage in top failure mode (LAT), the thermally stable group underwent edge delamination in the middle (DGM) as the nominated failure mode, and the explosive breakage at gauge in the middle (XGM) failure mode occurred in the sample from the thermal cycling group. Based on morphological observations at the microscale, the delamination, fiber pull-out, and matrix cracking were the dominant damages in the 3D-printed tensile-tested specimens. The molecular chains of the polymer changed their structure into an amorphous one, and only local motions of stretching occurred when the specimens were exposed to stable heating (prolonged). In the case of thermal cycling, the strain gradients were accumulated in the matrix material, and the local stresses increased as a result of the reheating and re-cooling exposure of the polymeric composites; the molecular motion of the long-range polymer structure was reactivated several times. Micro-cracking occurred as a result of internal stresses, which led to material failure and a reduction of the mechanical properties.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Effects on Mechanical Strength of Additive Manufactured CFRP Composites at Stable and Cyclic Temperature

et al. 2022

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“…Therefore, the selection of appropriate materials in a FRPC structure is very influential. 96 Different coefficients of thermal expansions of fibers and matrix may induce different strains and induce mismatch in the internal structure. At this time, the stress concentration in the critical region of fibers/matrix interface becomes very high.…”

Section: Temperature and Thermal Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on critical aspects of thermal shocks and thermal cycles in fiber reinforced polymer composites

Jamshidi

Hejazi

Sheikhzadeh

et al. 2022

Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites

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Fiber reinforced polymer composites (FRPCs) have gained great progress in a wide range of applications from construction and building structures to automobile and vehicle systems. During the operational lifetime, some FRPCs are exposed to various environmental conditions such as thermal cycles and thermal shocks. Fluctuation of the ambient temperature in the forms of thermal shocks or thermal cycles is one of the most important factors that deteriorate the durability and performance of the FRPCs. Compared to ceramic composites, less attention has been paid to the effects of thermal shocks and thermal cycles on the physical/mechanical properties of FRPCs. A comprehensive insight for the future advancements in this field is essential to possibly reduce the failure risks of FRPCs under thermal shocks and thermal cycles. The present work provides a comprehensive review on the physical/mechanical behavior of FRPCs under thermal cycles and thermal shocks. This work also provides a broad review on several factors that determines mechanical behavior of FRPCs, such as polymeric matrix, fiber type, incorporated nanofillers and fiber/polymer interface. Recent studies denoting important aspects and possible problems in mechanical performance of FRPCs under thermal shocks are also summarized.

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“…For example, using carbon fibers as the only reinforcement, despite their high mechanical and thermal properties, 2–7 may impose high cost for manufacturers. Various efforts have been made to improve the properties of fiber reinforced polymer composites 8–10 . Azimpour‐Shishevan et al 8 investigated the effect of the addition of multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene platelets (GPLs) on the mechanical, dynamic, viscoelastic, and water uptake properties of basalt fiber‐reinforced epoxy (BFE) composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various efforts have been made to improve the properties of fiber reinforced polymer composites 8–10 . Azimpour‐Shishevan et al 8 investigated the effect of the addition of multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene platelets (GPLs) on the mechanical, dynamic, viscoelastic, and water uptake properties of basalt fiber‐reinforced epoxy (BFE) composites. According to their results, the viscoelastic properties such as the storage modulus, loss modulus, damping ratio, thermal stability, and thermal conductivity were improved by the addition of CNTs and GPLs in small am the addition of CNTs and GPLs in small concentrations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of addition of carbon nanotube and graphene platelets on characteristics of carbon/basalt fiber reinforced intra‐ply hybrid composites

Azimpour-Shishevan

Mohtadi-Bonab

Akbulut

2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this study, effects of addition of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene platelets (GPLs) on characteristics of carbon/basalt fiber reinforced intra-ply hybrid composites were investigated. The composites were fabricated using vacuum assisted resin infusion molding (VARIM) method in two types including bare and 0.1, 0.5 wt.% of GPL and CNT nanoparticles filled hybrid composites. Fabricated normal and multiscale composites were cut by water jet and mechanical properties of specimens were examined by tensile, flexural, SBS experiments. Therefore, the modulus of elasticity, flexural modulus, tensile and flexural strength and ILSS of bare and multiscale composites were compared. Thermomechanical properties of fabricated composites were evaluated by dynamic mechanic analyze (DMA), thermogravimetric analyze (TGA) and thermal conductivity (TC) tests and storage modulus, loss modulus, damping ratio, glass transition temperature, weight loss and derivative weight loss were compared in fabricated normal and multiscale composites. Similarly, modal properties of fabricated composites such as natural frequency and damping factor were obtained by vibrational tests and compared in fabricated composites. According to the results, the addition of carbon-based nanoparticles improved the characteristics of carbon/basalt fiber intra-ply hybrid composites.The response of composites was directly proportional to the addition ratio of the carbon-based nanoparticles.

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Thermal Shock Behavior of Twill Woven Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

Cited by 11 publications

References 20 publications

Thermal Effects on Mechanical Strength of Additive Manufactured CFRP Composites at Stable and Cyclic Temperature

Thermal Effects on Mechanical Strength of Additive Manufactured CFRP Composites at Stable and Cyclic Temperature

A review on critical aspects of thermal shocks and thermal cycles in fiber reinforced polymer composites

The influence of addition of carbon nanotube and graphene platelets on characteristics of carbon/basalt fiber reinforced intra‐ply hybrid composites

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