Thermal stability of cellulose nanocrystals prepared by succinic anhydride assisted hydrolysis

Leszczyńska, Agnieszka; Radzik, Paulina; Haraźna, Katarzyna; Pielichowski, Krzysztof

doi:10.1016/j.tca.2018.03.015

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…with expected values for CNC reported in the literature [14], which consider small variations in the degree of crystallinity to variation of acid concentration used to produce nanocrystals from cellulose hydrolysis. For CNC-g-PLLA,…”

Section: Nanocrystals Morphology Structure and Thermal Featuressupporting

confidence: 85%

Thermal and Crystallization Behavior of PLA/PLLA-Grafting Cellulose Nanocrystal

Inácio¹,

Souza²,

Dias³

2020

MSA

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PLLA-modified cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were produced from commercial CNC by tin-catalyzed polymerization of lactide in presence of CNC. FTIR spectroscopy demonstrated that the result of the reaction produced the grafting of PLLA chains onto CNC surface (CNC-g-PLLA). Films of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and PLA/CNC nanocomposites (with non-modified CNC and CNC-g-PLLA) containing 0.5% and 5% (w/w) of the nanofillers were prepared by casting in chloroform solution and the crystallization behavior and thermal properties investigated. All nanocomposites had similar thermal stability when analyzed by TGA analyses under an inert nitrogen atmosphere. Addition of both types of CNC influenced crystallization, the higher crystallization rate being observed for 5% (w/w) CNC. Nanocomposites with 5% (w/w) CNC-g-PLLA had the strain resistance of PLA improved in the rubbery state. PLLA-modification of CNC surface increased the crystallization of PLA in PLA/CNC nanocomposites and improved the rigidity at temperatures above the glass transition, properties which are desirable for hot drinking application.

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Section: Nanocrystals Morphology Structure and Thermal Featuressupporting

confidence: 85%

Thermal and Crystallization Behavior of PLA/PLLA-Grafting Cellulose Nanocrystal

Inácio¹,

Souza²,

Dias³

2020

MSA

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“…It can be concluded that the presence of the CNC (itself or as a composite) had a positive effect on the osteoblast growth, making it an interesting material, regardless of modification, for further studies towards its potential usage in bone tissue engineering. The observed positive influence of the CNC on cell growth was also in agreement with our previous studies [66].…”

Section: Cytotoxicity Of the Nanocompositessupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The latter was presumably also affected by the coverage homogeneity, which was found to be less in the case of the composite with highly concentrated CNC (HACNC40) compared to those of the other composites, including HATCNF40, thereby indicating the thermal instability of these samples. A higher weight loss reduction of the CNC-based composites may be also related to a lower intrinsic thermal stability of CNC due to the presence of remnant sulphate groups in the CNC [61] as well as a large number of free end chains of smaller CNC particles, which both facilitated the decomposition of the cellulose at lower temperature [62,66], consequently causing increases in the char yields of these hydrolyzed samples. 4.…”

Section: -mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties and Cytotoxicity of Differently Structured Nanocellulose-hydroxyapatite Based Composites for Bone Regeneration Application

et al. 2019

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The nanocomposites were prepared by synthesizing (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl (TEMPO)-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (TCNFs) or cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with hydroxyapatite (HA) in varying composition ratios in situ. These nanocomposites were first obtained from eggshell-derived calcium and phosphate of ammonium dihydrogen orthophosphate as precursors at a stoichiometric Ca/P ratio of 1.67 with ultrasonication and compressed further by a uniaxial high-pressure technique. Different spectroscopic, microscopic, and thermogravimetric analyses were used to evaluate their structural, crystalline, and morphological properties, while their mechanical properties were assessed by an indentation method. The contents of TCNF and CNC were shown to render the formation of the HA crystallites and thus influenced strongly on the composite nanostructure and further on the mechanical properties. In this sense, the TCNF-based composites with relatively higher contents (30 and 40 wt %) of semicrystalline and flexible TCNFs resulted in smoother and more uniformly distributed HA particles with good interconnectivity, a hardness range of 550–640 MPa, a compression strength range of 110–180 MPa, an elastic modulus of ~5 GPa, and a fracture toughness value of ~6 MPa1/2 in the range of that of cortical bone. Furthermore, all the composites did not induce cytotoxicity to human bone-derived osteoblast cells but rather improved their viability, making them promising for bone tissue regeneration in load-bearing applications.

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“…This reaction is recognized as very effective to hydrolyze amorphous domains and produces crystallites of cellulose that are nanosized . Recently, other pathways have explored different mineral and organic acids, like formic acid, maleic acid, hydrobromic acid, phosphoric acid, or succinic anhydride …”

Section: Physicochemical Characterization Of Cellulose Nanocrystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellulose Nanocrystals as a Sustainable Raw Material: Cytotoxicity and Applications on Healthcare Technology

Pelegrini

Ré

Oliveira

et al. 2019

Macro Materials & Eng

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Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are an environmentally friendly natural material, consisting of rod‐like crystalline nanoparticles, called whiskers, or nanocrystalline cellulose. The derivation of different natural sources, aligned to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and versatility, make them a class of fascinating materials with widespread industrial use. In addition, the cellulose species possess intriguing physicochemical and mechanical properties. This paper provides an overview of recent progress in the area of cellulosic nanocomposites, along with details of their structure and liquid crystalline behavior as nematic and cholesteric lyotropic materials. Guidance is subsequently provided for the physicochemical analysis of these materials, including X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, optical evaluation, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. Additionally, the functional chemical and physical properties of CNCs are correlated to the resulting nanotoxicity in in vitro and in vivo assays. This review points to relevant concerns, such as sources for the synthesis of CNCs, the nanomaterial size, and the surface chemistry, that must be overcome in order to attain safe use of CNC‐based nanomaterials. The challenging perspectives on the ongoing research are presented in order to explore the technological and industrial perspectives on the use of CNC for the generation of cost‐effective advanced nanomaterials based on cellulosic fibers.

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Thermal stability of cellulose nanocrystals prepared by succinic anhydride assisted hydrolysis

Cited by 27 publications

References 55 publications

Thermal and Crystallization Behavior of PLA/PLLA-Grafting Cellulose Nanocrystal

Thermal and Crystallization Behavior of PLA/PLLA-Grafting Cellulose Nanocrystal

Mechanical Properties and Cytotoxicity of Differently Structured Nanocellulose-hydroxyapatite Based Composites for Bone Regeneration Application

Cellulose Nanocrystals as a Sustainable Raw Material: Cytotoxicity and Applications on Healthcare Technology

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