Thermal stress response of juvenile milkfish (Chanos chanos) quantified by ontogenetic and regenerated scale cortisol

Hanke, Inken; Ampe, Bart; Kunzmann, Andreas; Gärdes, Astrid; Aerts, Johan

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.09.016

Cited by 40 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…In contrast, fish scales show promise as an integrative measure of stress hormone levels based on the work of Aerts et al (2015) who showed that cortisol accumulates in the scales of cortisol-fed and stressed common carp. The presence of cortisol in scales was also recently confirmed in goldfish by Carbajal et al (2018) and in milkfish ( Chanos chanos ) by Hanke et al (2019). Further, Carbajal et al (2019) showed recently that scale cortisol content can vary across seasons in wild Catalan chub ( Squalius laietanus ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Although Aerts et al (2015) suggested that regenerated scales may be useful in providing better temporal resolution for scale cortisol incorporation, chronic daily stress for 21 days only increased cortisol content in ontogenetic but not regenerated scales in their study. In a subsequent study in milkfish, Hanke et al (2019) showed that a 21-day exposure to constant high temperature increased cortisol accumulation in regenerated scales. Unfortunately, a comparison of cortisol accumulation in ontogenetic scales was not assessed after this exposure, preventing assessment of the benefit of using regenerated versus ontogenetic scales for cortisol measurements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Temporal profiles of cortisol accumulation and clearance support scale cortisol content as an indicator of chronic stress in fish

Laberge

Yin‐Liao

Bernier

2019

Conservation Physiology

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The development of chronic stress indicators for fish is of great interest, but appropriate non-invasive methods are lagging those used in terrestrial vertebrates. Here, we explore the possibility that levels of the stress hormone cortisol in scales could be used as a chronic stress indicator. Three experiments were conducted to assess the temporal profiles of cortisol rise and fall in plasma and scales of goldfish (Carassius auratus) in response to stressors of varying intensity and duration. Results show that a single acute air emersion stressor does not influence scale cortisol content. In contrast, relative to plasma levels, the fall in scale cortisol content following a high-dose cortisol implant is delayed by at least 8 days, and the rise and fall in scale cortisol content in response to unpredictable chronic stress are delayed by at least 7 days. Also, scale cortisol content is spatially heterogeneous across the body surface of goldfish. Overall, since high and sustained circulating cortisol levels are needed to influence scale cortisol content and the rates of cortisol accumulation and clearance are much slower in scales than in plasma, our results show that scales can provide an integrated measure of cortisol production and serve as a chronic stress indicator.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Temporal profiles of cortisol accumulation and clearance support scale cortisol content as an indicator of chronic stress in fish

Laberge

Yin‐Liao

Bernier

2019

Conservation Physiology

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“…These parameters are summarized in the Supplementary Materials Table S1 and the full data set is available on Pangaea (https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.919971). Further details about milkfish husbandry conditions, sample collection, analytical procedures, and results of the cortisol and biomarker measurements are described elsewhere [40,44]. The experiment was conducted according to German guidelines and regulations regarding animal welfare (permission according to §11 Section 1 clause 1, Tierschutzgesetz; permit number: Az.…”

Section: Experimental Set-up and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apart from biomarkers for the general health and energy status of the fish, such as the hepatosomatic index (HSI) [ 35 ] and cellular energy allocation (CEA) [ 36 , 37 ], other parameters are more specific for oxidative stress [ 9 ] or aerobic and anaerobic energy production and demands [ 38 , 39 ]. Furthermore, scale cortisol concentrations were shown to reflect the stress history in teleosts, including milkfish [ 40 , 41 , 42 ]. Although many studies investigated biomarkers in fish with respect to environmental stressors or feeding strategies, only a very limited number of publications attempted to elucidate the interaction between gut microbiome composition and fish physiological biomarkers [ 43 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The objectives of the present study were to determine the effects of elevated water temperatures within the range of those commonly occurring in outdoor milkfish aquaculture systems [ 2 ] on the gut microbiome of juvenile milkfish under controlled experimental conditions, and to assess the relationship between microbiome dynamics and physiological changes. Using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, we investigated gut microbiome composition and diversity in a thermal exposure experiment, for which milkfish stress and biomarker data were available [ 40 , 44 ], comparing control (26 °C) and elevated temperature (33 °C) treatments over a three week period. We hypothesize that thermal stress will lead to changes in the gut microbiome, which are mediated by host−microbiome interactions and affect the functional role of the microbiome for the host.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Thermal Stress on the Gut Microbiome of Juvenile Milkfish (Chanos chanos)

et al. 2020

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Milkfish, an important aquaculture species in Asian countries, are traditionally cultured in outdoor-based systems. There, they experience potentially stressful fluctuations in environmental conditions, such as temperature, eliciting changes in fish physiology. While the importance of the gut microbiome for the welfare and performance of fish has been recognized, little is known about the effects of thermal stress on the gut microbiome of milkfish and its interactions with the host’s metabolism. We investigated the gut microbiome of juvenile milkfish in a thermal stress experiment, comparing control (26 °C) and elevated temperature (33 °C) treatments over three weeks, analyzing physiological biomarkers, gut microbiome composition, and tank water microbial communities using 16S amplicon sequencing. The gut microbiome was distinct from the tank water and dominated by Cetobacterium, Enterovibrio, and Vibrio. We observed a parallel succession in both temperature treatments, with microbial communities at 33 °C differing more strongly from the control after the initial temperature increase and becoming more similar towards the end of the experiment. As proxy for the fish’s energy status, HSI (hepatosomatic index) was correlated with gut microbiome composition. Our study showed that thermal stress induced changes in the milkfish gut microbiome, which may contribute to the host’s habituation to elevated temperatures over time.

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Water quality monitoring in recirculating aquaculture systems

Lindholm‐Lehto

2023

Aquaculture Fish & Fisheries

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Good water quality in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) is crucial for ensuring the successful growth and survival of reared species. So far, there are no regulations for which parameters should be measured in RAS, and each farmer decides which parameters to follow. Traditionally, water quality parameters have been measured at certain intervals with handheld sensors and laboratory analyses, which can be labour intensive. Currently, a variety of sensors and monitoring equipment is available, even for the real-time monitoring of water quality parameters. Internet of Things-based systems and artificial intelligence can be applied for the monitoring purposes which allows real-time measurements and warnings of critical situations. However, many of the modern systems need competent users and require regular maintenance and calibration. Changes in water quality also induces changes in fish behaviour, such as swimming activity, depth, acceleration and water quality can be assessed also based on these changes. In this review, water quality parameters, variety of sensors and monitoring technologies have been summarised to provide an overview of the current monitoring systems for water quality. Additionally, analytical methods for more advanced analyses have also been briefly summarised. Although there are several advanced options available for monitoring the basic water quality parameters, real-time measurements of more advanced parameters still required require further development. K E Y W O R D S aquaculture, fish behaviour, Internet of Things (IoT), monitoring equipment, recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS), water quality 1 INTRODUCTION Recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) are land-based intensive aquaculture systems where water is re-used typically via mechanical and biological treatment to reduce the consumption of water and yet maintain adequate water quality (Martins et al., 2010). RAS utilises modern knowledge of biology, environmental sciences, mechanical engineering and information technology (Xiao et al., 2019). Circulating water is reused multiple times, and only a small proportion is replaced with clean water (Chun et al.

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Thermal stress response of juvenile milkfish (Chanos chanos) quantified by ontogenetic and regenerated scale cortisol

Cited by 40 publications

References 59 publications

Temporal profiles of cortisol accumulation and clearance support scale cortisol content as an indicator of chronic stress in fish

Temporal profiles of cortisol accumulation and clearance support scale cortisol content as an indicator of chronic stress in fish

Effects of Thermal Stress on the Gut Microbiome of Juvenile Milkfish (Chanos chanos)

Water quality monitoring in recirculating aquaculture systems

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