Thermally activated delayed fluorescence polymers for high-efficiency solution-processed non-doped OLEDs: Convenient synthesis by binding TADF units and host units to the pre-synthesized polycarbazole-based backbone via click reaction

Zong, Wansheng; Qiu, Weidong; Yuan, Peng; Wang, Fanfan; Liu, Yingliang; Xu, Shengang; Su, Shi‐Jian; Cao, Shaokui

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124468

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…[9] Numerous materials have been developed for solutionprocessed TADF OLEDs, ranging from small molecules to macromolecules (i.e., dendrimers and polymers), with the latter being developed into self-hosted materials that further benefit solution processing by reducing effects such as aggregation quenching and phase separation. [4,[10][11][12][13][14] Although there are countless materials under development for solution-processed TADF OLEDs, only a handful have been demonstrated in TADF OLEDs with ink-jet printed emissive layers. [15][16][17][18][19] Furthermore, only a couple of reports are on fully solution-processed organic layers within the OLEDs, one being our earlier work on self-hosted TADF OLEDs.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/marc202300015mentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Ink‐Jet Printed Polymer Light‐Emitting Diodes using a Self‐Hosted Non‐Conjugated TADF Polymer

Cole

Kunz

Baumann

et al. 2023

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) emitters have become the leading emissive materials for highly efficient organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). The deposition of these materials in scalable and cost‐effective ways is paramount when looking toward the future of OLED applications. Herein, a simple OLED with fully solution‐processed organic layers is introduced, where the TADF emissive layer is ink‐jet printed. The TADF polymer has electron and hole conductive side chains, simplifying the fabrication process by removing the need for additional host materials. The OLED has a peak emission of 502 nm and a maximum luminance of close to 9600 cd m−2. The self‐hosted TADF polymer is also demonstrated in a flexible OLED, reaching a maximum luminance of over 2000 cd m−2. These results demonstrate the potential applications of this self‐hosted TADF polymer in flexible ink‐jet printed OLEDs and, therefore, for a more scalable fabrication process.

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Section: Doi: 101002/marc202300015mentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Ink‐Jet Printed Polymer Light‐Emitting Diodes using a Self‐Hosted Non‐Conjugated TADF Polymer

Cole

Kunz

Baumann

et al. 2023

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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“…Many technologies have found significant uses for it, including rechargeable batteries, sensors, organic transistors, light-emitting diodes, and electroluminescent devices. Polymer composites are currently receiving increased attention due to their attractive and enhanced properties. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polymer composites are currently receiving increased attention due to their attractive and enhanced properties. 7,8 Researchers have been drawn to thin film materials during the past decade due to their potential use in a variety of fields, particularly the field of optoelectronics. 9 Zinc sulfide (ZnS) has been explored extensively for a broad range of applications including LEDs, flat panel displays, IR windows, thin film solar cells, sensors, and lasers due to its superior characteristics among the II−VI group compound semiconductors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Influence of FRET on a High Quantum Yield π- Conjugate Polycarbazole-ZnS Composite Thin Film

Nayak,

Choudhary,

Al-Asbahi

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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“…From the reports on polymeric TADF materials used as a light-emitting layers in OLED devices, some design strategies have been suggested to improve the performance of these materials. For example, incorporating a known TADF moiety based on a small molecule into a polymeric framework could yield a TADF polymer with good photophysical properties, similar to the TADF moiety used, and superior thermal, solubility, and morphology profiles [ 22 , 23 ]. A promising design strategy to obtain TADF polymers is using a non-conjugating unit linked in the main chain with the TADF moiety to preserve this unit’s photophysical properties while incorporating those of polymeric materials as described earlier [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Light-Green Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Polymer Based on Dimethylacridine-Triphenyltriazine Light-Emitting Unit and Tetraphenylsilane Moiety as Non-Conjugated Backbone

et al. 2022

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In the search for solution-processable TADF materials as a light emitting layer for OLED devices, polymers have attracted considerable attention due to their better thermal and morphological properties in the film state with respect to small molecules. In this work, a new polymer (p-TPS-DMAC-TRZ) with thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) light-emitting characteristics was prepared from a conjugation-break unit (TPS) and a well-known TADF core (DAMC-TRZ). This material was designed to preserve the photophysical properties of DAMC-TRZ, while improving other properties, such as thermal stability, promoted by its polymerization with a TPS core. Along with excellent solubility in common organic solvents such as toluene, chloroform and THF, the polymer (Mn = 9500; Mw = 15200) showed high thermal stability (TDT5% = 481 °C), and a Tg value of 265 °C, parameters higher than the reference small molecule DMAC-TRZ (TDT5% = 305 °C; Tg = 91 °C). The photoluminescence maximum of the polymer was centered at 508 nm in the solid state, showing a low redshift compared to DMAC-TRZ (500 nm), while also showing a redshift in solution with solvents of increasing polarity. Time-resolved photoluminescence of p-TPS-DMAC-TRZ at 298 K, showed considerable delayed emission in solid state, with two relatively long lifetimes, 0.290 s (0.14) and 2.06 s (0.50), and a short lifetime of 23.6 ns, while at 77 K, the delayed emission was considerably quenched, and two lifetimes in total were observed, 24.6 ns (0.80) and 180 ns (0.20), which was expected from the slower RISC process at lower temperatures, decreasing the efficiency of the delayed emission and demonstrating that p-TPS-DMAC-TRZ has a TADF emission. This is in agreement with room temperature TRPL measurements in solution, where a decrease in both lifetime and delayed contribution to total photoluminescence was observed when oxygen was present. The PLQY of the mCP blend films with 1% p-TPS-DMAC-DMAC-TRZ as a dopant was determined to be equal to 0.62, while in the pure film, it was equal to 0.29, which is lower than that observed for DMAC-TRZ (0.81). Cyclic voltammetry experiments showed similarities between p-TPS-DMAC-TRZ and DAMC-TRZ with HOMO and LUMO energies of −5.14 eV and −2.76 eV, respectively, establishing an electrochemical bandgap value of 2.38 eV. The thin film morphology of p-TPS-DMAC-TRZ and DMAC-TRZ was compared by AFM and FE-SEM, and the results showed that p-TPS-DMAC-TRZ has a smoother surface with fewer defects, such as aggregations. These results show that the design strategy succeeded in improving the thermal and morphological properties in the polymeric material compared to the reference small molecule, while the photophysical properties were mostly maintained, except for the PLQY determined in the pure films. Still, these results show that p-TPS-DMAC-TRZ is a good candidate for use as a light-emitting layer in OLED devices, especially when used as a host-guest mixture in suitable materials such as mCP.

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Thermally activated delayed fluorescence polymers for high-efficiency solution-processed non-doped OLEDs: Convenient synthesis by binding TADF units and host units to the pre-synthesized polycarbazole-based backbone via click reaction

Cited by 20 publications

References 48 publications

Flexible Ink‐Jet Printed Polymer Light‐Emitting Diodes using a Self‐Hosted Non‐Conjugated TADF Polymer

Flexible Ink‐Jet Printed Polymer Light‐Emitting Diodes using a Self‐Hosted Non‐Conjugated TADF Polymer

Synergistic Influence of FRET on a High Quantum Yield π- Conjugate Polycarbazole-ZnS Composite Thin Film

New Light-Green Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Polymer Based on Dimethylacridine-Triphenyltriazine Light-Emitting Unit and Tetraphenylsilane Moiety as Non-Conjugated Backbone

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