Thermally rearranged (TR) poly(benzoxazole-co-amide) membranes for hydrogen separation derived from 3,3′-dihydroxy-4,4′-diamino-biphenyl (HAB), 4,4′-oxydianiline (ODA) and isophthaloyl chloride (IPCl)

Separation of CO2 from humidified ternary gas mixtures using thermally rearranged polymeric membranes

“…As suggested by Park et al [27], CO2 transport through the membrane can be enhanced either by the high free volume of the TR polymers or by the high solubility of CO2 in the polymeric matrix [29]. Furthermore, an increase in permeance along with temperatures (25 to 75°C) was observed for all gas species, confirming that the gas transport within polymer matrix follows the Arrhenius Law [30]. In addition, it was observed that the O2 and N2 permeances increased in a greater extent over temperature than the CO2 permeance.…”

Analysis of the transport properties of thermally rearranged (TR) polymers and polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM) relative to upper bound performance

“…The parameters and uncertainties were determined assuming a 10% uncertainty in the diffusion coefficient values and a least square fit analysis. The solubility data for PIM and TR polymers [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] were obtained from the references noted earlier. A plot of solubility constants versus permeability coefficients is shown for O 2 solubility ( Figure 7) and CO 2 solubility (Figure 8).…”

“…Two classes of polymers, in particular, exhibit upper bound properties for many gas pairs and exceed upper bound performance in some cases (e.g., O 2 /N 2 and CO 2 /CH 4 ). These groups of polymers are generally referred to as polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM) and thermally rearranged (TR) polymers [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44].…”

Recent developments in membranes for efficient hydrogen purification

“…In particular, TR polymers with an extremely high CO 2 permeability could be obtained from polyimides 53 containing various thermally liable units such as β-cyclodextrin [154,155] but also the H 2 /CO 2 selectivity increased with temperature, which was favorable for hydrogen purification from shifted synthesis gas which is generally operated at high temperature. Then the same group introduced TR poly(benzoxazole-amide) membranes by thermal rearrangement of poly(hydroxyamide-co-amide) with rigid biphenyl moiety and flexible ether chain [157]. The rigid biphenyl group improved gas selectivity and the flexible ether group enhanced gas permeability.…”