Thermally stable multi-directional magnetoelectric based embedded magnetic sensor

Abstract

Owing to the multifunctional behavior possessed by magnetoelectric (ME) composites, they are a sought after materials for various magnetic field sensing applications. This article proposes a three-directional magnetoelectric based embedded magnetic sensor which has been fabricated using the press-fit technique. The employed fabrication method negates the use of epoxy in the ME sensor thus enabling its use at elevated temperatures in excess of 100ffiC. To establish the relative efficacy of embedded sensor over the conventional layered structure, a layered sensor has also been fabricated and tested. The fabricated sensors are tested using an experimental setup capable of producing ac and dc bias magnetic fields in three coordinate directions. Experiments are performed for various dc magnetic field conditions including x, y, z directions and their simultaneous combinations. Under all testing conditions, the embedded sensor shows a significantly high response as compared to its layered counterpart. Moreover, a 67 % increase in sensing distance is observed in case of embedded sensor over the layered structure. Additionally, the effect of magnetic field generated by double magnet system and single magnet system on the sensor performance has also been demonstrated, wherein the embedded sensor is observed to be marginally affected whereas the layered sensor is adversely affected. Finally, similar measurements are performed at elevated temperatures up to 100ffiC and it is observed that the novel embedded sensor has reliable sensing capabilities in aggravated thermal environments even in excess of 100ffiC, whereas, the layered sensor loses its sensing capabilities above 50ffiC. Thus, the proposed 3-directional embedded magnetic sensor offers a better response under all conditions of magnetic field and temperature over the layered counterpart and can thus be a reliable alternative for the latter.

A flexible magnetic detector based on transferred ferroelectric/ferromagnetic thin film heterostructure

“…It offers opportunities for the development of high-performance, portable, and lightweight ME devices. Among those devices, magnetic field sensors are employed in a variety of industrial and electronic device applications [6,21,22]. It is a significant scientific and engineering challenge to sense a weak AC and/or DC magnetic field.…”